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Peer reviewedSmith, Julia B.; And Others – Journal of the Freshman Year Experience, 1992
A study with 46 university students investigated whether participation either in a required first-year course in academic skills development or in required tutoring influenced students' academic self-efficacy, as measured by self-reported abilities and projected grades. Results support the use of required external academic support. (MSE)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, College Freshmen, College Students, Expectation
