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Kerstin Schoch; Thomas Ostermann – Creativity Research Journal, 2025
The RizbA scale combines psychometrics and art theory and enables a measurement of pictorial expression. This study explores its factor structure and a potential gap between theory and empirics. A sample of 275 pictorial works by artists and nonprofessionals was rated by 179 art experts. Three CFA path models were specified: models A and B based…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Art Criticism, Art Teachers, Art Education
Wu, Chao-Jung; Liu, Chia-Yu – Instructional Science: An International Journal of the Learning Sciences, 2022
Our objective in this study was to investigate how the eye-movement behavior and concurrent verbal protocols of students with high-/low-prior-knowledge were reflected in the use of multiple representations for scientific argumentation. We also examined the degree of consistency between eye-fixation data and verbalization to ascertain how and when…
Descriptors: Science Education, Science Process Skills, Persuasive Discourse, Eye Movements