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The Cognitive Underpinnings of Multiply-Constrained Problem Solving
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Ellis, Derek M.; Robison, Matthew K.; Brewer, Gene A. – Journal of Intelligence, 2021
Individuals encounter problems daily wherein varying numbers of constraints require delimitation of memory to target goal-satisfying information. Multiply-constrained problems, such as the compound remote associates, are commonly used to study this type of problem solving. Since their development, multiply-constrained problems have been…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Problem Solving, Short Term Memory, Attention Control
The Importance of Arousal for Variation in Working Memory Capacity and Attention Control: A Latent Variable Pupillometry Study
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Unsworth, Nash; Robison, Matthew K. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
A great deal of prior research has examined the relation between working memory capacity (WMC) and attention control. The current study explored the role of arousal in individual differences in WMC and attention control. Participants performed multiple WMC and attention control tasks. During the attention control tasks participants were…
Descriptors: Arousal Patterns, Short Term Memory, Attention Control, Correlation
The Benefits of Retrieval Practice Depend on Item Difficulty and Intelligence
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Minear, Meredith; Coane, Jennifer H.; Boland, Sarah C.; Cooney, Leah H.; Albat, Marissa – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
The authors examined whether individual differences in fluid intelligence (gF) modulate the testing effect. Participants studied Swahili--English word pairs and repeatedly studied half the pairs or attempted retrieval, with feedback, for the remaining half. Word pairs were easy or difficult to learn. Overall, participants showed a benefit of…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Intelligence, Information Retrieval, Testing
No Evidence for True Training and Transfer Effects after Inhibitory Control Training in Young Healthy Adults
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Enge, Sören; Behnke, Alexander; Fleischhauer, Monika; Küttler, Lena; Kliegel, Matthias; Strobel, Alexander – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Recent studies reported that training of working memory may improve performance in the trained function and beyond. Other executive functions, however, have been rarely or not yet systematically examined. The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of inhibitory control (IC) training to produce true training-related function improvements…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Transfer of Training, Inhibition, Young Adults
The Computer-Based Assessment of Complex Problem Solving and How It Is Influenced by Students' Information and Communication Technology Literacy
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Greiff, Samuel; Kretzschmar, André; Müller, Jonas C.; Spinath, Birgit; Martin, Romain – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2014
The 21st-century work environment places strong emphasis on nonroutine transversal skills. In an educational context, complex problem solving (CPS) is generally considered an important transversal skill that includes knowledge acquisition and its application in new and interactive situations. The dynamic and interactive nature of CPS requires a…
Descriptors: Computer Assisted Testing, Problem Solving, Difficulty Level, Information Technology
Exploring Dyslexics' Phonological Deficit I: Lexical vs Sub-Lexical and Input vs Output Processes
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Szenkovits, Gayaneh; Ramus, Franck – Dyslexia, 2005
We report a series of experiments designed to explore the locus of the phonological deficit in dyslexia. Phonological processing of dyslexic adults is compared to that of age- and IQ-matched controls. Dyslexics' impaired performance on tasks involving nonwords suggests that sub-lexical phonological representations are deficient. Contrasting…
Descriptors: Dyslexia, Adults, College Students, Phonological Awareness