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Baldwin, Nicole; Orgill, MaryKay – Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 2019
Practicing chemists use models, diagrams, symbols, and figures to represent phenomena which cannot be detected by the human senses. Although research suggests that these external representations (ERs) can also be used to address the challenges that students have in learning chemistry, it is not clear how instructors' use of ERs aligns with their…
Descriptors: Teaching Assistants, College Science, Chemistry, Science Laboratories

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