A fable illustrates the characteristics of four types of learners who are differentiated by a specific learning need (obligation, stimulation, competence, or personalization) and points out the need for teachers to recognize individual differences among students and treat them according to their individual style. (CB)

Twenty-three pairs of twins were studied to determine factors influencing special program inclusion, impact of inclusion, and nature of academic programs when only one twin was included. Twins included in special programs were generally characterized by the traditional academic view of high-achievers, while nonselected twins preferred more…

There are enormous differences in a child's ability to learn and perform movement skills. The mastery learning model matches student needs to quality and quantity of teaching. This article summarizes findings from mastery learning research in the cognitive domain and offers suggestions for applications of the mastery strategy. (DF)

An investigation was undertaken to determine whether highly aroused (e.g. highly anxious) students are handicapped with regard to their ability to learn through deep processing and elaboration. The hypothesis that well-developed deep and elaborative habits of thought might counteract the disruptive effects that excessive arousal has upon students…

Examined the hypothesis that subject differences in conceptual complexity (CC) may mediate individuals' cognitive and emotional responses toward problem situations. Results showed high-CC individuals reported more internal attributions and fewer negative task statements and showed less increase in negative mood. (Author)

The Learning Style Inventory (LSI) measures an individual student's learning style and preference for physical learning environment. LSI scores for 321 students in grades 3, 6, and 7 were correlated to their self-concept scores. Eight LSI variables discriminated significantly between subjects with high and low self-concepts. (SJL)

The purpose of this study was to identify potential sources of individual and group differences affecting formal thought, and to examine the relationship between the performance of college students on a specific formal operational task and their performance on other cognitive measures identified as possible sources of individual differences. (MK)

The relation between imagery-assisted prose recall and field independence was found to be significantly stronger than the relation between control recall and field independence for third graders, but not for kindergartners. (Author)

Examines interrelations among measures of memory in order to determine whether individual differences in 8- to 11-year-old children's performance on learning and memory tasks may be attributable to a general strategic factor. (CM)

The article includes a general discussion of individual differences and a report of a study conducted as a part of the Frankfurt Project. The study indicated that, in primary school, reflective pupils seem to be better achievers in mathematics than impulsive students. (MK)

A description is given of several theories of learning styles. The implications for mathematics education are discussed; special attention is given to corrective teaching. (MK)

Discusses cognitive style (the degree to which perception is influenced by environmental variables) and cognitive control (which focuses on the regulation of perception by the ego). Concepts addressed include field dependence-independence, field articulation, conceptual style, cognitive tempo, intrusive information, focal attention, and…

Studies based on an individual-difference model of student learning are reviewed. The "fitting" of conceptual models of student learning to atypical individual-similarity data structures is discussed, and an experimental categorization for such structures is outlined. Use of a locus model is also examined. It is argued that conceptual models of…

A study of 325 university students explored relationships between personality and learning styles in students with high or low self-esteem. Ways that personality and learning theory can combine to help define individual differences in learning, their origins, manifestation, and amenability to change are examined. Implications for achievement,…