Describes and evaluates attempts to mitigate effect that watching television violence has on young children. Most relevant studies have been laboratory experiments, and there is no reported evidence that any intervention has been effective over long-term. Concludes that interventions combining cognitive and behavioral approaches have most promise,…

The recommended treatment approach for aphasia involves increasing the efficiency of language processing by manipulating the patient's processing of stimuli. Discussed are assessment, identification of the point of processing breakdown, identification of facilitory stimulus parameters, and treatment through stimulus manipulation. Two case studies…

Study of equilibration between assimilatory and accommodatory processes in the learning styles of first-year French-speaking students of English as a second language indicated that: students' alternative frameworks should be exposed; intake is penetrable; equilibration leads to learning in the broad sense; and language pedagogy should downtone its…

Describes the interpersonal cognitive problem solving (ICPS) skills approach for remediating peer relationship difficulties in children and adolescents. ICPS training studies are also reviewed. ICPS training seems effective as a remediation and primary prevention strategy with maladjusted youngsters and as a secondary prevention strategy with…

Defines personal axioms as deeply held beliefs of individuals about themselves and their world that determine their activities, interests, and performance. Discusses the role of the teacher with regard to cognitive restructuring techniques that may help students change negative personal axioms and free themselves to learn more efficiently. (JHZ)

Ability to represent life-size space in a small scale was examined by asking 4-year-olds to create a small-scale model of a familiar preschool classroom. Study 1 children with high or low restructuring ability completed the model under guided or nonguided format. Guidance given to Study 2 children emphasized a functionally clustered classroom…

This paper focuses on the structured learning approach to psychological skill training with aggressive adolescents, examining 30 evaluation-oriented studies of skills training with such youth. Emphasized are relevant experimental designs, prescriptive utilization of skills training, means for enhancing trainee motivation, transfer and maintenance,…

Assessed the effects of relocation on 40 institutionalized elderly and examined two treatment programs. Results indicated that, following relocation, low-functioning subjects exhibited an increase in passive-withdrawn behaviors while high-functioning subjects increased in active-outgoing behavior. The behavioral-skills program led to favorable…

Research by Nathan Fox and other scientists shows how changes in environmental conditions can help temper the negative effects of a child's predisposition toward fearfulness and anxiety. If certain negative triggers are eliminated or modified, a child's genetic tendency toward inappropriate fearfulness and anxiety may be overcome--or not expressed…

This TIP on the guidelines for treatment of substance use disorders is based on a fundamental rethinking of the concept of motivation. It suggests that the cognitive-behavioral approach to treatment requires a different perspective on the problem and on the prerequisites for change, while placing greater responsibility on the counselor whose job…

People (n=103) with mild intellectual disabilities responded to several scales of anger, hostility, aggression, and personality. Results were consistent with earlier studies of relationships among anger, hostility, and aggression conducted with the general population. Findings suggest that people with intellectual disabilities may benefit from…

Addresses issues arising from the application of a learning model to the Greek public administration system. Suggests a process of organizational self-learning that is capable of transforming a state bureaucracy into a self-referential organization. The process of self-learning is based on a repeating cycle of knowing, reflecting, understanding,…

If school counselors give a typical Rational Emotive Therapy disputative response to the issue of fairness, students are not helped to develop a more reasonable and rational view on this issue. Describes discussion led by counselor emphasizing choice, acceptance, and the irrationality of the belief that the world is unfair. (LSR)

This paper reviews what is known about the effectiveness of the more controversial use of psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy with people who have mental retardation. It examines self-management approaches (problem solving, anger management, and cognitive therapy) and psychodynamic psychotherapy. The paper concludes that there has…

Adventure therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy share elements, including transformation of distorted thinking patterns, a focus on current and future functioning, consideration of the counselor-client relationship, and the use of stress in the change process. Recognizing cognitive behavioral therapy as an empirically sound theory underlying…