Simple and complex addition problems were presented for true/false verification to 30 undergraduate students to test a general model for cognitive addition. Problems were presented on a microcomputer, with reaction time (RT) and response accuracy recorded. Models for addition were fit to average RT data using multiple regression techniques. These…

Results from the measurement of latencies of prespecified subject-verb-object utterances indicate the Semi-predicate model is consistent with hesitation studies in demonstrating that speech is initiated before all information about at utterance has been processed or linguistically coded. (Author/BJG)

Tests the relations between the concepts of time and space and mechanisms of structural elaboration in young children's cognitive development. (Author/DEP)

Students in grades 4, 6, and 8 were required to indicate whether or not a stimulus word belonged in either of two semantic categories that were held in memory. Results indicated that even for the youngest children semantically similar categories required less search time than dissimilar categories. (GO)

Traces the developmental history of information processing in elementary school children as measured by a numerals-keys choice response paradigm. Also attempts to correct some of the more obvious methodological problems observed in previous students of this type. (Author/MP)

A central-incidental learning paradigm was used to measure the selective attention of 176 children at ages 9 and 12 years. (MP)

Investigates three alternative explanations for why younger children benefit more than older children from the provision of category size information when recalling items from a categorized list. Subjects were 29 kindergarten and 30 third grade children. (MP)

Examines the verification of false sentences of the form "All S are P." It was found that the number of properties shared by the subject and predicate concept of the sentence was directly proportional to reaction time. These findings question the assumption that only property relations are prestored in memory. (Author/EJS)

Several observations about the way humans conceive of attributes, changes, and covariation of stimuli are presented as indications for the existence of a conceptual hierarchy of dimensions in which time dominates space, and space dominates every other dimension. (Author)

Developmental changes in 5- to 7-year-old children's mental representation of addition and subtraction events were examined by means of the response times required to answer more or less questions. (Author/JMB)

The model of the decision system in Murdock's two-stage memory- and-decision model for item recognition is developed and tested. The decision model is shown to be able to fit the accuracy and mean response latency data from four major recognition paradigms (Sternberg, study-test, continuous, and prememorized list). (Author/LMO)

Examines Kail's argument that similarity in developmental speed-of-processing curves for name retrieval and mental rotation indicates that performance on a wide range of cognitive tasks is constrained by growth of a central limiting mechanism. Results suggest that operation of this mechanism is neither sufficient nor necessary to generate the…

Three experiments investigated the possibility that adult age differences on block design tasks originate because of reduced efficiency with increased age in the cognitive processes associated with block manipulation. Older adults were substantially slower and less efficient than younger adults in performing tasks with minimized design…

A model of information processing has been developed that combines concepts from the study of attention and the study of problem solving. The model has been realized as a computer program and used to simulate a variety of phenomena from the attention and performance literature. (Author/LMO)