This study investigates the hypothesis that students' learning and problem-solving performance in ill-structured domains can be improved, if elaborative question prompts are used to activate students' context-generating cognitive processes, during case study. Two groups of students used a web-based learning environment to criss-cross and study…

This study investigates algebraic reasoning and self-regulation skills among elementary school teachers who participated in a professional development program either with IMPROVE metacognitive questioning (PD + Meta) or with no metacognitive guidance (PD). Sixty-four Israeli teachers participated in a 3-year program designed to enhance…

In this outcomes study (N=40), changes in stress levels were compared across two participant conditions for a period of artistic activity with a cognitive focus on either a personally stressful or positive situation. Results indicated that participants in the positive-focus condition demonstrated a significant decrease in stress, whereas…

Child abuse is a major social concern around the world. Important to tackling the problem is an understanding of the mechanisms contributing to abusive parenting. This article brings together research on the cognitive variables associated with abusive or high-risk parenting. Considered are dysfunctional child-centered and parent-centered…

This article describes the connection between a novel puzzle and uses of algebra to generalize the fewest moves to solve it.

The intent of this paper is to sketch a conception of problem-finding and delineate the role of problem-finding in the solution of problems. (Author)

The history and evolution of the concept of intuition is traced through philosophical intuitionism and positivism to contemporary psychology. The theoretical and empirical psychological research relating to intuitive experience and intuitive behavior is also traced, and relations between intuitive problem solving and previous data concerning…

Performance of 10 adult trainees in a workshop for mentally retarded persons and that of an equivalent mental age group of third-grade children was observed in a toy construction task. Performances were videotaped and coded for executive activities that proved to be a powerful influence in discriminating between the groups. (Author/DB)

Children should be faced with high level questions in the classroom in order to develop their ability to think creatively. (CK)

Suggests a method for helping students approach problems and initiate the problem-solving process. The system is a self-dialogue involving five questions: (1) what is the problem? (2) what are you to find? (3) what are the givens and the desired outcomes? (4) what is the appropriate formula? and (5) what decision is needed? (JOW)

Ninety-two males aged 17 to 20 were interviewed and categorized in terms of four identity statuses: identity achievement (IA), moratorium (M), foreclosure (F), or identity diffusion (ID). Individuals in the IA and M statuses performed better than those in F and ID statuses on the Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal, which was used as a…

Examines Sherlock Holmes's reasoning processes and approaches to problem solving and applies his seven principles to students to help them with problem solving. (HTH)

Discusses (1) neobehaviorist theory and analysis of response probability, (2) discrete models of qualitative changes in knowledge and stages of processing, and (3) programmed simulations of the detailed structure of knowledge and cognitive processes. Comments on the prospects for developing significant new understandings of learning during the…

An investigation of the effect of the direction of search on the problem-solving performance of junior high school algebra students reveals a relationship between the number of correct responses and solution time to the number of possible "blind alleys" and memory load. (Editor/LH)