An explicit model of the process of quantification which involves the operations of subitizing and counting is described. The general model states that quantification of n items takes place via subitizing when n is less than five and via subitizing and addition (that is, counting) when n is five or larger. The explicit model is stated in the form…

Retention of verbal material presented in a normal linear manner was compared to retention of the same material presented in simultaneous messages for this study. The subjects were 180 undergraduates, and each was randomly assigned to one of the nine experimental groups formed by combinations of presentation--linear, two simultaneous messages, or…

We present a developing distributed cognition theory of interdisciplinary collaboration that incorporates concepts from both situated cognition and information processing theory. This theoretical framework is being refined as it is used for analyzing interdisciplinary collaboration within the National Institute of Science Education (NISE). The…

Models of development and models of memory reflect either a mechanistic or organismic world view. A merger of the information-processing models of memory and qualitative models of development is suggested, and has valuable implications about the possible nature of "locus" of memory development (ST)

Presented is experimental evidence that humans develop strong preferences for objects that become familiar through repeated exposure, even when the exposures are so degraded that they cannot be discriminated as stimuli previously seen. Implications are made regarding other studies where affective discriminations are made with very little stimulus…

The divergent predictions of 2 models of dual-task performance are investigated. The central bottleneck and central capacity sharing models argue that a central stage of information processing is capacity limited, whereas stages before and after are capacity free. The models disagree about the nature of this central capacity limitation. The…

The model of a single central bottleneck for human information processing is critically examined. Most evidence cited in support of the model has been observed within the overlapping tasks paradigm. It is shown here that most findings obtained within that paradigm and that were used to support the model are also consistent with a simple resource…

A MODEL FOR THE ANALYSIS OF SPELLING BEHAVIOR WAS PRESENTED AND DESCRIBED AS REPRESENTING TOTAL SPELLING BEHAVIOR AS A FORM OF INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEM. THE MODEL REPRESENTS THE PROCESSING OF A NEED TO CORRECTLY SPELL A WORD THROUGH THE SEQUENCES OF VARIOUS PROCESSING CHANNELS TO THE WRITING OF THE WORD AND FEEDBACK FOR CORRECTION WHEN…

The Trait Treatment Interaction (TTI) Process approach is particularly adapted to the study of information-processing by receivers of information presented in the media. Differences in people's experiences do lead to different cognitive structures. Different people use the same machinery of perceiving, coding, storing, and retrieving. Neverthless,…

The model as currently developed consists of three major aspects: contexting, operation, and memory. The contexting aspects of the model are concerned with the higher level cognitive behavior associated with selection of appropriate behavior, maintenance of goals-directedness, and evaluation of completed behaviors. The operational aspects of the…

The intensity of information processing engendered in different phases of standard memory tasks was examined in six experiments. Processing intensity was conceptualized as system capacity consumed, and was measured via a divided-attention procedure in which subjects performed a memory task and a simple reaction-time (RT) task concurrently. The…

Presentation and criticism of pertinent work, plus the authors' own model. (Text is in French.) (DB)

Some task variables that influence sentence coding, and the ways in which those influences appear to be manifested in performance were outlined. Trends in empirical data were examined as evidence for two classes of coding strategies. (Author/RK)