This paper discusses how language teachers can teach students how to learn using several approaches to learning strategies. The first section describes current English language teaching in Japan. The second section discusses the theoretical background of learning strategies, looking at cognitive learning models, which emphasize learner's mental…

This paper discusses how to make students effective, lifelong learners. It describes several ways of learning: reading, listening, observing, talking, and writing. According to the author, five elements are needed to become a good learner: (1) motivation; (2) a knowledge base that provides a conceptual structure for further learning; (3) skills…

The effectiveness of having 51 students generate their own headings for scientific text is assessed. Results reveal that generating headings enhances performance on a number of recall measures compared to either author-provided headings or no headings. (Author)

Recommends teaching learning-to-learn competencies simultaneously with the course content. Reviews competencies needed for effective learning in the areas of information processing, active study strategies, and self-management. Illustrates opportunities for instructors to teach learning competencies while presenting material or explaining course…

Investigated the communicative interactions of dyads of 4- to 5-year olds during pretend play involving routine, or scripted, events as a function of the children's knowledge of the scripts. The study utilized measures of the quantity and quality of interaction and the strategies employed by the children to establish mutual knowledge. (37…

Emerging research evidence of an approach to learning that combines memorization and comprehension, particularly from Asia, is examined and possible explanations for it are discussed. It is proposed that this approach may explain the apparent paradox of high achievement is Asian cultures, where rote learning in stressed. (Author/MSE)

Focuses on the role of tools, provided by a computer microworld (C.AR.ME), on the strategies developed by 14-year-old students regarding the concept of conservation of area of a non-convex polygon. Indicates that the nature of the tools used affected the nature of solution strategies that students constructed. (Author/KHR)

Provides an integration of the research literature on the nature and effectiveness of student notetaking/reviewing options in college classes. Addresses cognitive and behavioral skills involved in notetaking, the predictive potential of notetaking, student characteristics related to notetaking effectiveness, and instructional strategies. (Contains…

Describes the cognitive processes required to troubleshoot faults and describes an architecture based on that cognitive model for designing learning environments that engage novices in troubleshooting while supporting their construction of requisite knowledge. This model can be applied to different kinds of troubleshooting problems, enhancing the…

Describes a method for teaching multiplication of fractions based on Piaget's constructivism. Instead of teaching the algorithm of multiplying the numerators and denominators, students are presented with many problems and ask to invent their own ways of solving them. (DDR)

Recent research in mathematics instruction underscores the importance of problem solving and higher-level thinking. This article presents four themes in instruction for students with learning disabilities: (1) provide a broad, balanced mathematics curriculum; (2) engage students in meaningful problem tasks; (3) accommodate diverse learning styles;…

The effects of asking 48 undergraduates to generate personal examples of target concepts on learning of psychological concepts from prose were evaluated. This elaboration activity produced a significant positive effect. Elaboration processes seemed to influence the transfer of concepts to problem-solving, especially for lower ability students.…

Discusses the development of expert system shells and the use of expert systems as instructional tools, and describes a program which required junior high school students using Macintosh computers to create a knowledge base on topics of their choice. Benefits of such student-created expert systems are discussed. (LRW)

Describes study of 383 college students in educational psychology classes that was designed to determine how students describe study activities. Completed inventories are compared from three theoretical perspectives: cognitive processes, approaches to learning, and autonomous studying, and factor analyses are explained. (25 references) (LRW)

Whereas the writing process is recursive, Instructional Theory into Practice (ITIP) is a linear, sequential series of instructional decisions. By understanding the relationship between these two models, staff development and curriculum specialists can assist teachers by coordinating support group sessions and followup training using a common…