The theoretical and methodological concepts available to and needed by research on aptitudes as cognitive processes are discussed. Contemporary views of cognitive processes are examined in relation to individual difference constructs and the methods used to examine their reliability and validity. Individual difference constructs are discussed in…

Value judgments play a role in evaluation by determining the anticipated behavioral outcomes, what is measured, techniques for measurement, and decision making. Value judgments are usually faced only at the decision-making stage. Methods to analyze values will hopefully be given more emphasis in future evaluation enterprises. Studies using…

This speech reports an experiment on memory and verbal ability. The study notes that in previous research, verbal ability has been found to correlate with sensitivity to order, an important component of intelligence. This relationship may be due largely to the greater word store of high verbal scorers. The author's experimental hypothesis is that…

Develops a working model of the communication process which corresponds to the ego states of transactional analysis and attempts to discern effects of personality systems on the encoding and decoding process of individuals. (MH)

Identifies automaticity as a condition allowing previously learned mental functioning to occur with minimal drain on one's attentional mechanism. Asserts that counseling becomes increasingly effective as trainees accumulate automatic facilitative behaviors and free attentional capacities to understand uniqueness of the individual client. Presents…

Memory-based searching was compared in 15 developmentally delayed and 24 normal two-year-olds. In a relatively easy memory task, individual differences were minimal, but searching for a plausible alternative location based on memory revealed marked individual differences and an important difference in the cognitive functioning of the delayed…

Informal interviews and naturalistic observations indicate that the child often invents novel ways of doing arithmetic and that some type of individualized instruction is necessary. (Author/WM)

Presents a multivariate change model in which changes in ability factor scores (cognitive structure) and factor loadings (task structure) provide the theoretical underpinnings for the transfer process. (RJ)

Based upon a paper presented at the American Psychological Association, Miami Beach, 1970. (Editor)

Paper examines the re-emergence of imagery as a topic commanding attention in psychology. (Author)

Compared the performance of normal and remedial reading groups (N=48) on intersensory and intrasensory tasks requiring paired and serial recall. Results showed all readers exhibited similar patterns in the processing of bisensory information; however, unique differences were found among normal, primary, and secondary readers. (WAS)

Instances of thinking by 113 students over five-year period were scored with respect to four form aspects and seven content categories providing answers to three questions: (1) What does the average person think about and how does s/he think about it? (2) Are there identifiable categories of thinkers or identifiable thought patterns? (3) Are there…

Investigated digit repetition performance in learning-disabled children in an effort to assess its clinical and theoretical significance. Clincally, learning-disabled children (N=100) had a higher than expected incidence of large verbal-performance discrepancies, although mean overall digit repetition performance did not differ appreciably from…