Explores response styles and sets capable of altering a person's responses in the thinking portion of the Psychological Inventory of Criminal Thinking Styles (PICTS). Constructs and incorporates into the PICTS validity scales to measure confusion and defensiveness. Results reveal that internal consistency, reliability, and validity of these two…

The authors comment on the article "The primacy of cognition in schizophrenia," by R. W. Heinrichs. They state that Heinrichs persuasively argued as to the primacy of cognition in schizophrenia by citing an impressive body of evidence in favor of the view that schizophrenia is a complex biobehavioral disorder that manifests itself primarily in…

Presents a method of testing a class that is designed to reveal the level of thinking of the individual student in the context of the science instruction that he is receiving. (JR)

Methods of mapping cognitive structure were compared. Free and controlled word association tests and a tree-construction test were administered to graduate students. Very similar patterns of relations among words and graphic representations of these structures were produced. No agreement among the individual measures of concept interconnectedness…

Describes the development of a self-report questionnaire to measure self-relevant cognitions accompanying social distress. Responses of 100 students were factor analyzed. Results suggested the new measure may provide a means of identifying cognitive targets for treatment planning as well as an instrument for assessing cognitive change associated…

The present article attempts to discover if learners can use three higher order transitions between subunits- to extend structures made of right-branching trees, to elaborate a tree by adding substructures, alternating responses from the two subsystems. (Author)

Compared principal component anlaysis with hierarchical cluster analysis of a psychodiagnostic test battery for children. Results are discussed within a multidimensional framework of cognitive abilities. The structure of the battery of tests included general intelligence, auditory and visual learning, academic achievement, and auditory…

Determined if Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised subtest patterns would differentiate the performance of emotionally disturbed and learning-disabled children. Subtests differentiated significantly between diagnostic categories. Learning-disabled children performed predictively poorer on block design, picture arrangement, and object…

Presents MAC/FAC, a model of similarity-based retrieval that attempts to capture psychological phenomena; discusses its limitations and extensions, its relationship with other retrieval models, and its placement in the context of other work on the nature of similarity. Examines the utility of the model through psychological experiments and…

Subjects were asked to encode and recall lists of words under the influences of marijuana and a marijuana placebo. Free recall was more complete when both encoding and recall were after marijuana use than in the encode-marijuana, recall-placebo state. Recall must depend on restoration of dissociated encoding state. (CHK)

With reference to Chinese language and its unique orthography, evidence for language-related differences in manners of information processing is reviewed. These differences include visual form perception, manipulation of numbers, and memory versus manipulation and elaboration of verbal information. (Author/RH)