The impact of age effects on nonverbal memory for auditory or tactual patterns has been largely neglected in research studies. The effects of age on nonverbal memory were investigated by comparing subjects (N=120), divided by age decades into six groups (N=20), through tests using visual, auditory, and tactual items which were resistant to verbal…

Recent studies have shown perceptual instability to be related to visual creativity as reflected in career choice. In general, those who display greater perceptual instability perceive themselves to be more creative and tend to choose careers related to visual creativity, regardless of their gender. To test the hypothesis that field independents…

A New Zealand study examines the interaction between 18 teachers and their respective classroom environments and actions in an attempt to isolate those factors contributing to each teacher's philosophy concerning the role and responsibility of pedagogy. Nine classroom teachers and nine student teachers are examined for degree of congruence between…

This study investigates the perceptual processing capabilities by analysis of eye movement of children from differing levels of field independence/dependence. Forty nine field independent (24 girls, 26 boys) and 36 field dependent (19 girls, 17 boys) children in third grade were analyzed as they viewed either seven dynamic or seven static segments…

Individuals previously identified as language-bound (LB) and language-optional (LO) participated in a series of experiments to study verbal fluency. The two groups showed a striking similarity in the number of responses they produced for categories with constraints at various levels (word form, word content, sentence, interpretation). This…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of organizational processes for both verbal and spatial stimulus materials within an information processing framework. Children in grades 2 and 4 and adults were tested for their ability to report letter strings reflecting various orders of approximation to English and various dot…

The purpose of this booklet is to provide a summary of perception research and to suggest practical applications which will improve students' and teachers' communication ability. The "theory" section of this work is devoted to the definition of perception as a selective process, dependent on such factors as acuity of sensory equipment,…

Papers which explore the aspects of current work in instructional technology and promote research and development in the field are collected in this bulletin. An introductory paper provides some general perceptives on the current state of instructional technology in relation to the contemporary educational scene and the various problems and…

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the various techniques used to estimate the time required by the human to process a visual stimuli, i.e., recognize a stimulus input into the visual perceptual system. Sixteen tests of visual processing speed were administered to 110 undergraduate students. In summary, scores tended…

A comparison of freehand sketch maps of the world provides a simple but effective means of exploring images of the world. The maps of 60 high school students from Nogales, Arizona, and 60 from Nogales, Sonora, were analyzed according to number of map features included, percent of features for each continent, frequency of country identification in…

Research is underway concerning the way the perception, conception, and representation of spatial layout develops. Three concepts are important here--space itself, frame of reference, and cognitive map. Cognitive map refers to a form of representation of the behavioral space, not paired associate or serial response learning. Other criteria…

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that specific spatial and possibly temporal rates of change dominate early infants' looking, that these spatial and temporal events have meaningful and specific empirical correlates in neurophysiology as a function of age, and finally that neurophysiologically constrained models provide testable…

Data are presented from two experiments investigating whether covert responses can be modified. Imagery was chosen as a target because of its significant role in behavior therapy techniques. Resent evidence on the facilitative effects of imagery in paired-associate learning suggested to the experimenters the use of performance on a…

Students have been taught to recall specific details, but often are unable to read critically or to grasp the main ideas. (JH)

Spatial egocentrism and its relationships to discrimination ability and communicative egocentrism were investigated in a sample of 80 adult males from a single institutional setting. Significant effects of order of task presentation indicated that the experimental procedure influenced performance on the spatial and communicative egocentrism and…