High verbal subjects were much faster than low verbal subjects in making taxonomic category identity matches and homophone identity matches. High verbals were also faster in making physical identity matches. Males did not differ from females in the time required for any matching tasks; however, they made slightly more errors. (Author/MV)

This quantitative study of imagery in 96 undergraduates addresses the problem of individual differences in the characteristics of mental imagery workspaces. A 20-item questionnaire embodying nine characteristics of mental imagery workspaces was administered to 78 females and 18 males. Analysis of variance by gender disclosed significant higher…

Two processing abilities used to solve spatial problems are examined: (1) the analog ability of structural visualization; and (2) the non-analog ability of verbal analytic reasoning. The distinction is based on an evaluation of information processing theory and a review of process-oriented studies of individual differences. Criteria are presented…

Examined association of individual differences in physical maturation with information-processing speed among 9- and 10-year olds. Found that early maturers were faster than late matureres, although this maturity effect was primarily the result of a significant effect for boys. The early maturers' faster processing times may be specific to boys or…

THE EXAMINATION WAS CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE IF A CHILD'S ABILITY TO CREATE (COGNITIVE ORIGINALITY) IS INDEPENDENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH HIS GENERAL LEVEL OF INTELLIGENCE. ONCE THIS PROVED TO BE THE CASE THE INVESTIGATORS THEN PURSUED THE STUDY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CORRELATES THAT DISTINGUISH INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES ON THE CREATIVITY AND INTELLIGENCE…

Twenty-five infants were tested every two weeks on the AB Object Permanence Task, from the time they first reached for a hidden object until they were 12 months old. Results indicate that the AB provides an index of the ability to carry out an intention based on stored information despite a conflicting habitual tendency. (Author/RH)

Explores the neural and hormonal basis of human intellectual function that gives rise to sex differences in the brain. Discusses behavioral, neurological, endocrinological studies, and studies of the effects of hormones on brain functioning that show a relationship between cognitive variations and sex. (MCO)

Results are reported for a series of 13 studies examining individual differences in information processing efficiency. The tasks used represented different content domains and levels of processing complexity. A total of 680 individuals (balanced between males and females, and aged 18 to 25 years) were tested. Subjects were selected from…

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between cognitive style and school learning among fifth-grade children. The findings indicated that cognitive styles are differentially related to school learning outcomes for both boys and girls after verbal and nonverbal intelligence have been taken into consideration. The results…

The authors are emmersed in a comprehensive review of the literature on intellectual sex differences. This paper consists of the first progress report and the tentative hypotheses of the work completed so far. Discussion is initially concerned with verbal and spatial abilities. It is concluded that girls learn language earlier, and may continue to…

Investigated linkage between delay-of-gratification dimension of impulsivity and social information processing in 80 second-graders and 80 fifth-graders. Found that low-delay ability and younger participants made less use of social cues than did older and high-delay ability participants; however, these findings were qualified by grade and gender…

Individual differences in verbal/analytic and nonverbal/holistic cognitive strategies were studied in relationship to performance levels in spatial tasks, sex and handedness. Analytic processes are described as sequential, resulting in decomposition of stimulus information, and holistic processes, as parallel, involving information synthesis.…

Reflections on psychological perspectives of aging are focused around issues of biological changes and mental functioning, genetic factors in aging, psychological changes with aging, individual differences in mental functioning and the intellectual decline of the aged. (EH)

This study attempted to answer the following three questions: 1) Do students of grades four through seven perform equally well on both syncretistic understanding and logical thinking? 2) Do boys perform as well as girls on these two types of thinking? 3) Do students whose parents have a higher educational level perform as well as students whose…