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Functional Differences between Statistical Learning with and without Explicit Training
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Batterink, Laura J.; Reber, Paul J.; Paller, Ken A. – Learning & Memory, 2015
Humans are capable of rapidly extracting regularities from environmental input, a process known as statistical learning. This type of learning typically occurs automatically, through passive exposure to environmental input. The presumed function of statistical learning is to optimize processing, allowing the brain to more accurately predict and…
Descriptors: Incidental Learning, Direct Instruction, Reaction Time, Cognitive Processes
Incidental Learning and Task Boundaries
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Freedberg, Michael; Wagschal, Tana T.; Hazeltine, Eliot – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
For skill learning processes to be effective, they must encode associations that are inherent to the current task and avoid those that are spurious or particular to training conditions so that learning can transfer to novel situations. Some everyday contexts even require grouped responding to simultaneously presented stimuli. Here we test whether…
Descriptors: Incidental Learning, Stimuli, Responses, Comparative Analysis
Incidental Learning of Trust: Examining the Role of Emotion and Visuomotor Fluency
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Strachan, James W. A.; Kirkham, Alexander J.; Manssuer, Luis R.; Tipper, Steven P. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Eye gaze is a powerful directional cue that automatically evokes joint attention states. Even when faces are ignored, there is incidental learning of the reliability of the gaze cueing of another person, such that people who look away from targets are judged less trustworthy. In a series of experiments, we demonstrated further properties of the…
Descriptors: Incidental Learning, Trust (Psychology), Psychological Patterns, Visual Perception
On the Learning of Distractors during Controlled and Automatic Processing. Report No. 8007.
Fisk, Arthur D.; Schneider, Walter – 1980
The results of this study support the assumption that long-term memory is not modified when a person performs a task utilizing an automatic process. Twelve university students performed an incidental learning task which consisted of scanning lists of words for either their own name, first names other than their own, words representing a unit of…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Higher Education, Incidental Learning, Learning Theories
Processing Depth, Elaboration of Encoding, Memory Stores, and Expended Processing Capacity.
Eysenck, Michael W.; Eysenck, M. Christine – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 1979
The effects of several factors on expended processing capacity were measured. Expended processing capacity was greater when information was retrieved from secondary memory than from primary memory, when processing was of a deep, semantic nature than when it was shallow and physical, and when processing was more elaborate. (Author/GDC)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Foreign Countries, Higher Education, Incidental Learning
Depth of Nontarget Processing in an Attention Task.
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Johnston, William A.; Heinz, Steven F. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1979
The effect of the sensory discriminability of targets from nontargets on depth of nontarget processing was examined. Depth of nontarget processing was measured by semantic overlap between targets and nontargets, reaction time, and nontarget recall. Depth of processing decreased as sensory discriminability increased, supporting multiple-loci…
Descriptors: Attention, Cognitive Processes, Higher Education, Incidental Learning