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The Impact of Perceived Control on the Imagination of Better and Worse Possible Worlds.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Markman, Keith D.; And Others – Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1995
Examined the effects of perceived control and close alternative outcomes on counterfactual generation (thoughts of what could have been). Subjects played a "wheel of fortune" game in which they controlled one of two wheels. Results supported the idea that people generate counterfactuals about events over which they have perceived…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures, Expectation, Individual Power
Outcome Controllability and Counterfactual Thinking.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Roese, Neal J.; Olson, James M. – Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1995
Examined impact of outcome controllability on counterfactual thoughts (thoughts of what could have been). Two studies showed that outcome controllability affected counterfactual direction: thoughts on how things could have been better were more frequent following controllable outcomes, and thoughts on how things could have been worse followed…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures, Expectation, Individual Power
Dispositional Traits versus the Content of Experience: Actor/Observer Differences in Judgments of the "Authentic Self."
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Johnson, Joel T.; Boyd, Kenneth R. – Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1995
Investigated whether actors and observers differ in their beliefs about what features of an individual best reflect his/her "authentic self." Results indicate that actors' views differed significantly from observers'. Friend raters believed that their friends' dispositional traits were better indicators than what their friends actually did,…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Comparative Analysis, Evaluative Thinking, Patterned Responses