Contemporary technological advancements offer new possibilities for enhancing user creativity. We aimed to explore how technology can boost student creativity to meet the twenty-first century's demand for innovative talent. Based on the 4P model of creativity (person, process, product, and press) and constructivist theory, a virtual reality (VR)…

This study explores the relationship between perceived authenticity and cognitive engagement within authentic learning environments, a topic that has garnered increasing attention in educational research and practice. While previous studies have linked authenticity and engagement to improved academic outcomes, there remains a gap in understanding…

Purpose: The ability to measure cognitive load in the workplace provides several opportunities to improve workplace learning. In recent years, virtual reality (VR) has seen an increase in use for training and learning applications due to improvements in technology and reduced costs. This study aims to focus on the use of simulation task load index…

Background: Cognitive load during AR use has been measured conventionally by performance tests and subjective rating. With the growing interest in physiological measurement using non-invasive biometric sensors, unbiased real-time detection of cognitive load in AR is expected. However, a range of sensors and parameters are used in various subject…

This study examines the impact of instructor presence on cognitive load and learning outcomes in video-based learning environments, addressing a significant gap in optimising instructional design for digital education. Utilising eyetracking technology to measure pupil dilation, a reliable proxy for cognitive load, this research compares three…