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Brain Structure Abnormalities in Adolescent Girls with Conduct Disorder
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Fairchild, Graeme; Hagan, Cindy C.; Walsh, Nicholas D.; Passamonti, Luca; Calder, Andrew J.; Goodyer, Ian M. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Conduct disorder (CD) in female adolescents is associated with a range of negative outcomes, including teenage pregnancy and antisocial personality disorder. Although recent studies have documented changes in brain structure and function in male adolescents with CD, there have been no neuroimaging studies of female adolescents with CD.…
Descriptors: Identification, Pregnancy, Adolescents, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Neuroanatomical and Neuropsychological Correlates of the Cerebellum in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Combined Type
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Bledsoe, Jesse C.; Semrud-Clikeman, Margaret; Pliszka, Steven R. – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2011
Objective: Studies of healthy individuals and those with cerebellar damage have implicated the cerebellum in a variety of cognitive and behavioral processes. Decreased cerebellar volume has been found in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and differentially related to behavioral outcomes. The present study investigated…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Attention Deficit Disorders, Learning Disabilities, Neurology
Research Review: A New Perspective on Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder--Emotion Dysregulation and Trait Models
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Martel, Michelle M. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2009
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common example of developmental psychopathology that might be able to be better understood by taking an emotion regulation perspective. As discussed herein, emotion regulation is understood to consist of two component processes, emotion (e.g., positive and negative emotionality) and regulation…
Descriptors: Hyperactivity, Behavior Disorders, Attention Deficit Disorders, Psychopathology
Incentive-Elicited Mesolimbic Activation and Externalizing Symptomatology in Adolescents
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Bjork, James M.; Chen, Gang; Smith, Ashley R.; Hommer, Daniel W. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2010
Background: Opponent-process theories of externalizing disorders (ExD) attribute them to some combination of overactive reward processing systems and/or underactive behavior inhibition systems. Reward processing has been indexed by recruitment of incentive-motivational neurocircuitry of the ventral striatum (VS), including nucleus accumbens…
Descriptors: Check Lists, Cues, Child Behavior, Neurology
The Study of Autism as a Distributed Disorder
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Muller, Ralph-Axel – Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 2007
Past autism research has often been dedicated to tracing the causes of the disorder to a localized neurological abnormality, a single functional network, or a single cognitive-behavioral domain. In this review, I argue that autism is a "distributed disorder" on various levels of study (genetic, neuroanatomical, neurofunctional, behavioral).…
Descriptors: Autism, Neurology, Genetics, Brain
Neurological Impairment and Hypersensitivity among Psychiatrically Disturbed Adolescents.
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Thurber, Steven; Hollingsworth, David K. – Journal of Counseling & Development, 1994
Because of recent developments in measurements, investigated possible covariation between hyperactivity and cerebral deficits in adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Used several different measures on 45 patients (32 boys, 13 girls). The limited amount of covariation found suggests that neuropsychological deficits may be a diffuse problem that…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Behavior Disorders, Cognitive Processes, Emotional Disturbances