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Koedinger, Kenneth R.; Alibali, Martha W.; Nathan, Mitchell J. – Cognitive Science, 2008
This article explores the complementary strengths and weaknesses of grounded and abstract representations in the domain of early algebra. Abstract representations, such as algebraic symbols, are concise and easy to manipulate but are distanced from any physical referents. Grounded representations, such as verbal descriptions of situations, are…
Descriptors: Equations (Mathematics), Algebra, Problem Solving, Abstract Reasoning
Peer reviewedLeBlanc, Mark D.; Weber-Russell, Sylvia – Cognitive Science, 1996
A growing body of empirical and theoretical work indicates that young children (grades K-3) have difficulties solving word problems because of deficient language and text comprehension strategies. Describes a computer simulation designed to model working memory demands in "bottom-up" comprehension of arithmetic word problems, offering a…
Descriptors: Children, Cognitive Processes, Computer Simulation, Elementary School Mathematics

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