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Smith, Steven M.; Handy, Justin D.; Hernandez, Alan; Jacoby, Larry L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
It has often been shown that intentional recollection is influenced by context manipulations, such as context reinstatement (e.g., Smith, 2013; Smith & Vela, 2001), but whether or not automatic retrieval (e.g., Jacoby, 1991) is likewise context dependent remains an open question. Here, we present two experiments that examined effects of…
Descriptors: Memory, Context Effect, Priming, Undergraduate Students
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Pierce, Benton H.; Gallo, David A.; McCain, Jason L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
Initial learning can interfere with subsequent learning (proactive interference [PI]), but recent work indicates initial testing can reduce PI. Here, we tested 2 alternative hypotheses of this effect: Does testing reduce PI by constraining retrieval to the target list, or by facilitating a postretrieval monitoring process? Participants first…
Descriptors: Interference (Learning), Memory, Information Retrieval, Recall (Psychology)
C. Nikki Arrington; Paulina A. Kulesz; David J. Francis; Jack M. Fletcher; Marcia A. Barnes – Grantee Submission, 2014
Little is known about how specific components of working memory, namely, attentional processes including response inhibition, sustained attention, and cognitive inhibition, are related to reading decoding and comprehension. The current study evaluated the relations of reading comprehension, decoding, working memory, and attentional control in…
Descriptors: Attention, Short Term Memory, Reading Comprehension, Decoding (Reading)
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C. Nikki Arrington; Paulina A. Kulesz; David J. Francis; Jack M. Fletcher; Marcia A. Barnes – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2014
Little is known about how specific components of working memory, namely, attentional processes including response inhibition, sustained attention, and cognitive inhibition, are related to reading decoding and comprehension. The current study evaluated the relations of reading comprehension, decoding, working memory, and attentional control in…
Descriptors: Attention, Short Term Memory, Reading Comprehension, Decoding (Reading)
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White, Corey N.; Poldrack, Russell A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
The ability to adjust bias, or preference for an option, allows for great behavioral flexibility. Decision bias is also important for understanding cognition as it can provide useful information about underlying cognitive processes. Previous work suggests that bias can be adjusted in 2 primary ways: by adjusting how the stimulus under…
Descriptors: Bias, Experimental Psychology, Decision Making, Memory
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Cirino, Paul T.; Tolar, Tammy D.; Fuchs, Lynn S. – Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2013
Algebra is a prerequisite for access to STEM careers and occupational success (NMAP, 2008a), yet algebra is difficult for students through high school (US DOE, 2008). Growth in children's conceptual and procedural arithmetical knowledge is reciprocal, although conceptual knowledge has more impact on procedural knowledge than the reverse…
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Algebra, Mathematics Skills, Cognitive Processes