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Osana, Helena P.; Przednowek, Katarzyna; Cooperman, Allyson; Adrien, Emmanuelle – Journal of Experimental Education, 2018
The effects of prior encodings of manipulatives (red and blue plastic chips) on children's ability to use them as representations of quantity were tested. First graders (N = 73) were assigned to four conditions in which the encoding of plastic chips was experimentally manipulated. All children then participated in an addition activity that relied…
Descriptors: Grade 1, Elementary School Students, Manipulative Materials, Cognitive Processes
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Campbell, Jamie I. D.; Thompson, Valerie A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2012
Retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) is a widely studied phenomenon of human memory, but RIF of arithmetic facts remains relatively unexplored. In 2 experiments, we investigated RIF of simple addition facts (2 + 3 = 5) from practice of their multiplication counterparts (2 x 3 = 6). In both experiments, robust RIF expressed in response times occurred…
Descriptors: Evidence, Semantics, Memory, Multiplication