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Psychological Bulletin2
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Ericsson, K. Anders2
Fox, Mark C.2
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Thinking Aloud Is Not a Form of Introspection but a Qualitatively Different Methodology: Reply to Schooler (2011)
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Ericsson, K. Anders; Fox, Mark C. – Psychological Bulletin, 2011
Schooler's (2011) commentary of our meta-analysis (Fox, Ericsson, & Best, 2011), although thoughtful and generally complimentary, misclassifies the think-aloud method as a form of introspection. Although he praised the scientific rigor of the think-aloud method, Schooler criticized its limitations as a mode of capturing the full range of conscious…
Descriptors: Protocol Analysis, Cognitive Processes, Meta Analysis, Methods
Do Procedures for Verbal Reporting of Thinking Have to Be Reactive? A Meta-Analysis and Recommendations for Best Reporting Methods
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Fox, Mark C.; Ericsson, K. Anders; Best, Ryan – Psychological Bulletin, 2011
Since its establishment, psychology has struggled to find valid methods for studying thoughts and subjective experiences. Thirty years ago, Ericsson and Simon (1980) proposed that participants can give concurrent verbal expression to their thoughts (think aloud) while completing tasks without changing objectively measurable performance (accuracy).…
Descriptors: Protocol Analysis, Cognitive Processes, Accuracy, Verbal Communication