This paper defines and examines three generations of distance education pedagogy. Unlike earlier classifications of distance education based on the technology used, this analysis focuses on the pedagogy that defines the learning experiences encapsulated in the learning design. The three generations of cognitive-behaviourist, social constructivist,…

An attempt to integrate some promising theoretical approaches to cognitive learning and develop an integrated model which could be tried out in an action learning situation-the classroom. (Author)

Performance in cognitive tasks involves two distinct processes; acquisition of knowledge and cognitive control over knowledge already acquired. A conceptual and analytic framework is presented which allows for the disentanglement of knowledge and control, and for the quantification of each. (Author)

Research and development strategies designed and implemented at the Wisconsin Research and Development Center for Cognitive Learning and the Southwest Regional Laboratory are discussed in papers by the directors of each and by members of the R & D Center staff. These papers further give examples of the research and development activities underway…

Several suggestions to provide for follow-on training, enrichment, or remedy which will extend or reinforce what is learned in the classroom, seminar or workshop. (RB)

This study investigated the differences in learning and retention of students informed and not informed of behavioral objectives and the learning hierarchy of a unit of instruction. The subjects were 88 elementary education majors at Towson State College, Baltimore, Maryland, randomly assigned to four treatments. Self-instructional material for…

Describes effects of study time on acquisition retention processes in a general biology course designed for female freshmen and sophomores in high and low analytic-ability groups. Concluded the presence of positive reinforcement, expecially at high analytic level. (CC)

The purpose of the study was to investigate differences in learning as attributed to the instructional treatment of behavioral objectives of students in a general physical science laboratory. It was hypothesized that there would be no significant difference in the achievement of students in physical science who were exposed to laboratory methods…

Proposes a model of critical thinking in science with affective (dispositions), cognitive (knowledge, basic skills, and higher order skills), and behavioral (contextualized or generalized behaviors) components. Describes the links and mutual influences between the environment and these components. Emphasizes the role of affectivity in the…

New knowledge is made meaningful by relating it to prior knowledge. Although meaningfulness usually relates new knowledge to prior superordinate knowledge, arbitrarily meaningful knowledge, coordinate, subordinate, and analogic ideas, experiential knowledge, and cognitive strategy also facilitate learning. Optimization of prior knowledge is done…

The paper reports the highlights of three learning models (behaviorist, cognitive, and humanist), and examines them for the guidance they offer for instruction and learning in shorthand. Included are the theories of Skinner, Gagne, Carroll, Bloom, Wittrock, Ausubel, Bruner, Dember, Nebes, Scriven, Anderson, and Rogers. (Author/AJ)

The hierarchical structure of the cognitive domain presented in Benjamin S. Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives does not reflect the actual nature of the learning process. Attempts to apply the classification levels to student learning in mathematics and other subjects place the taxonomy's usefulness in question. (PP)

Curriculum study is examined from the viewpoint of content (types of information rather than subjects to be studied) and utility (how elements of knowledge function in behavior to the benefit of whom) in an attempt to provide stimuli for a revival of research in the field. (MB)

This study examined the differences in student performance in two sections of a college management course--one of which used simulation as an adjunct aid, the other of which did not. (CD)

This article illustrates the theoretical and empirical basis of cognitive strategy instruction and compares this basis to major principles of constructivism. Illustrations of self-instructional and other cognitive strategy instruction models are presented in the areas of reading comprehension, written language, and memory. Maintenance,…