Brown, Collins, and Duguid (1989) described cognition as "situated"--"a product of the activity, context, and culture in which it is developed and used" (p. 32)--and outlined the "cognitive apprenticeship" approach to teach "what" something is, as well as "how" knowledge can be used in order to help children create their own understanding. Similar…

Teaching content through a foreign language presents students with the double challenge of having to understand new concepts and of doing so through a foreign language. To be successful in meeting this challenge teachers have to adapt their teaching style and the tasks they work on with their students. Often, however, they do not know how to do…

Presents a systems model for developing instruction in the affective domain and offers a checklist for instructional design. Topics discussed include conducting a needs assessment; behavioral objectives; sequencing affective objectives; the relationship between affective and cognitive behaviors; selecting instructional procedures; and designing…

Designed to provide a broad introduction to the subject of educational objectives, this booklet discusses an objectives-based approach to course design, highlights the key role played by educational objectives in any systematic approach to course or curriculum design, distinguishes between the terms "aims" and "objectives," and…

Discusses difficulty of translating ambiguous affective statements into effective instructional materials and limitations of Mager's process of goal analysis. A comprehensive procedure is then proposed which takes an affective statement from an undefined state, to subcategories of performance, to a hierarchy of performance objectives. A two-year…

This document presents a review of recent research efforts on the congnitive domain as it relates to teaching and learning in the classroom, and provides a syntheses of research obtained over the past 25 years. Focus is given to correlational and experimental studies indicating a significant positive relationship between certain teacher behaviors…

The development of a field-based approach to the validation of behavioral competencies for young children which reflect the theories of Bloom, Gagne, and Briggs is described in this paper. In Spring 1974, a list of 45 behaviors developed by the author was initially presented to the 50 faculty members of the Athens, Georgia, Child Development…