This study examined the issue of how groups of students attempting to solve problems can be taught to consider moral aspects of the problem at a mature level. Classes in Swiss cantons (N=42) were given one of three different moral problems. Each class was divided into eight groups. The three treatments were: (1) provision of additional background…

This paper describes a program of research into children's understanding of psychological principles underlying social behavior. An initial study had indicated that at about 10 years of age children knew many of the basic principles of social behavior and the rules for social control. Two strategies were developed to explore these findings in…

In the perspective on cognitive development provided by Jean Piaget, the elaboration of cognitive skills is possible and acceptable, although it is objectionable and perhaps impossible to attempt to accelerate those skills. The explicit teaching of reasoning skills is necessary since not every student attains the formal operational level without…

A study was conducted to determine whether children in revising their writing to accommodate new information would make corresponding textual changes to preserve appropriate focus and cohesion. The subjects, 48 children each from grades three, six, and nine, were presented with a task that involved descriptions of pictures with incongruent…

This study examined a selected sample of fourth-grade students who had been previously identified as good or poor problem solvers. The pupils were compared on variables considered as "reference tests" for Verbal, Induction, Numerical, Word Fluency, Memory, Spatial Visualization, and Perceptual Speed abilities. The data were compiled to…

Interpretation of experimental tasks is influenced by knowledge of the language used, by assessment of what the experimenter intends, and by how subjects themselves would normally represent the physical situation. Whether these processes in which children engage in cognitive studies differ from those employed by adults in similar tasks was…

THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY LISTS MATERIAL ON VARIOUS ASPECTS OF COGNITION. APPROXIMATELY 120 UNANNOTATED REFERENCES ARE PROVIDED TO DOCUMENTS DATING MAINLY FROM 1960 TO 1966. LISTINGS ARE PRIMARILY JOURNAL ARTICLES, CONFERENCE PAPERS, AND RESEARCH REPORTS. SOME OF THE SUBJECT AREAS INCLUDED ARE (1) COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, (2) PIAGET'S THEORIES, (3)…

Four problems in children's paired-associate memory were addressed: (1) reappraisal of the presumed developmental trend in presentation mode effect during grade-school years, (2) identification of the locus of this developmental effect, (3) evaluation of the influence of combined presentation (verbal plus pictorial) relative to pictorial…

The determinants of student decisions to take or not take mathematics were studied. The variables selected for the study were derived from the expectancy/valve model of behavior. Choice is found to be influenced most directly by the utility valve of mathematics for attaining future goals and the interest of on-going mathematics activities.…

Two influential theories of intellectual development are reviewed and analyzed: the psychometric framework, based on the factorial composition of intelligence, and the Piagetian model, based on assimilation and accomodation through four stages of intellectual development. A third concept is the componential theory of intelligence, based on…

About 25 children in each of grades 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 were tested in their ability to solve linear syllogisms, such as: John is taller than Mary. Mary is taller than Pete. Who is tallest--John, Mary, or Pete? Response latencies and error rates decreased across grade levels and sessions. Component latencies also generally decreased with increasing…

Evaluated was an intervention program designed to teach reasoning skills to 13 congenitally blind students (6-18 years old). Remediation was focused on classification, conservation and abstract operations, and mental imagery development. At the conclusion of 17 months, Ss' performance was compared with that of a control group matched for age and…

The primary purpose of this study was to establish normative data for the cognitive style behaviors of children from kindergarten through the ninth grade. Approximately 400 students served as subjects. The measures used were a free response pictorial-, a multiple choice pictorial-, and a multiple choice verbal-test. Cognitive style behavior was…

This paper attempts to clarify some of the issues raised in the author's earlier paper, "A Theoretical Perspective on the Relationship between Bilingualism and Thought" (Working Papers on Bilingualism, No. 1), as a response to Gerald Neufeld's critique, which appeared in No. 2 of the same series. The present paper argues that Neufeld mistakenly…

This study explored the developmental changes in children's effective utilization of verbal versus pictorial stimuli in forming connections between stimulus and response elements in a paired-associate task. A total of 112 children (56 males and 56 females), half of them 4-year-olds and half 8-year-olds, were tested under eight conditions involving…