Cognitive, academic, and behavioral characteristics of 42 children with learning disabilities were assessed from identification at age 6-7 to the age of 11.5. At endpoint, resource students showed a drop in verbal intelligence quotient and lower achievement compared to mainstreamed students, though there were no differences at the time of…

A projective role taking task (RTT) was revised with respect to procedure and scoring categories for use with the mentally retarded. The revised RTT was administered to 123 educables. Results indicated significant associations between mental age and various indices of the retardates' role taking behavior. These associations remained significant…

Areas of agreement and disagreement concerning intellectual developmental and the problems of mental retardation espoused by the author and by Uzgiris are discussed in this paper. The importance of environmental factors, along with the genetic and/or constitutional nature of the organism on which these environmental events impinge, is seen as…

Much of our thinking about contemporary social problems reflects tacit presuppositions regarding the operation of heredity and environment in human behavior. These beliefs have important implications for practical decisions. Advances in genetics, psychology, anthropology, and other disciplines have contributed much to a clarification of the…