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Lipman, Matthew – Educational Leadership, 1984
Argues that the best way to cultivate children's reasoning is to make philosophy an essential part of the elementary school curriculum. Philosophy alone provides the logical criteria for distinguishing better thinking from poorer. The author's "Philosophy for Children" program is described. (TE)
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Development, Critical Thinking, Elementary Secondary Education
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Paul, Richard W. – Educational Leadership, 1984
Short and long term strategies for implementing critical thinking skills into school programs are discussed. The short term strategy is to teach analytic skills within established subject areas, while the long term strategy involves recognizing and overcoming the unconscious obstacles to development of sound critical and dialectical thinking. (TE)
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Critical Thinking
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Brandt, Ron – Educational Leadership, 1988
In this interview, author Art Costa asserts that the teaching of either content or thinking skills in isolation is unproductive. To combine these approaches, he recommends selecting content for its relationship to thought processes. He also observes that administrators who model intelligent behavior thereby create a climate for thinking. (TE)
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Objectives, Cognitive Processes