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Albers, Fabian; Trypke, Melanie; Stebner, Ferdinand; Wirth, Joachim; Plass, Jan L. – British Journal of Educational Psychology, 2023
Background: What is redundancy? While most studies confirm that redundancy is harmful to learning, there are two theoretical approaches to redundancy. The first understands redundancy as a contentual overlap that puts demand on the limited cognitive capacities of the learner. The second understands redundancy as an ineffective combination of…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Short Term Memory, Undergraduate Students, Learning Theories
Kuryeong Kim; Qingyun Yu; Susanne Maria Reiterer – Discover Education, 2025
Recent studies have suggested that language aptitude is a domain-general and flexible trait to acquire foreign languages, regarding various cognitive abilities such as memory systems as its crucial components. Despite a growing interest in working memory, however, much remains unknown about the impact of associative memory on language aptitude.…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Second Language Learning, Monolingualism, Language Aptitude
Meyerhoff, Hauke S.; Grinschgl, Sandra; Papenmeier, Frank; Gilbert, Sam J. – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2021
The cognitive load of many everyday life tasks exceeds known limitations of short-term memory. One strategy to compensate for information overload is cognitive offloading which refers to the externalization of cognitive processes such as reminder setting instead of memorizing. There appears to be remarkable variance in offloading behavior between…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Task Analysis, Reliability, Short Term Memory
Jones, Jonathan S.; Adlam, Anna-Lynne R.; Benattayallah, Abdelmalek; Milton, Fraser N. – Child Development, 2022
Working memory training improves children's cognitive performance on untrained tasks; however, little is known about the underlying neural mechanisms. This was investigated in 32 typically developing children aged 10-14 years (19 girls and 13 boys) using a randomized controlled design and multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (Devon, UK;…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Child Development, Cognitive Development, Diagnostic Tests
Ngu, Bing Hiong; Phan, Huy P. – International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 2022
Capitalizing on cognitive load theory and learning by analogy, we propose two instructional methods to learn a complex linear equation (e.g. two-step equation) by building on prior knowledge of a simpler linear equation (e.g. one-step equation). We will examine the proposal theoretically in this paper. In line with the design principles of…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Schemata (Cognition), Prior Learning, Cognitive Ability
Christine S. Schipke; Maja Stegenwallner-Schütz; Flavia Adani – Language Learning and Development, 2024
This study investigates the interpretation of object-initial sentences in German-speaking children. We addressed the following questions: (1) Which morphosyntactic cues do children deploy to process object-initial sentences? (2) Which executive function (EF) abilities support them during this task? This study examined the effect of case and number…
Descriptors: German, Reading Processes, Sentence Structure, Executive Function
Brandt, Silke; Hargreaves, Stephanie; Theakston, Anna – Cognitive Science, 2023
A key factor that affects whether and at what age children can demonstrate an understanding of false belief and complement-clause constructions is the type of task used (whether it is implicit/indirect or explicit/direct). In the current study, we investigate, in an implicit/indirect way, whether children understand that a story character's belief…
Descriptors: Beliefs, Phrase Structure, Cognitive Ability, Child Development
Cubillo, Ana; Hermes, Henning; Berger, Eva; Winkel, Kirsten; Schunk, Daniel; Fehr, Ernst; Hare, Todd A. – Developmental Science, 2023
The potential benefits and mechanistic effects of working memory training (WMT) in children are the subject of much research and debate. We show that after five weeks of school-based, adaptive WMT 6-9 year-old primary school children had greater activity in prefrontal and striatal brain regions, higher task accuracy, and reduced intra-individual…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Comparative Analysis, Academic Achievement, Well Being
Yusuke Sato – Journal for the Psychology of Language Learning, 2023
This study investigated the interactions among different cognitive abilities, linguistic structures, and the efficacy of different corrective feedback (CF) types. The cognitive abilities examined were declarative and procedural memory. The target linguistic structures were English regular and irregular past tense forms. In terms of the…
Descriptors: Memory, Learning Processes, Feedback (Response), Cognitive Ability
Botezatu, Mona Roxana; Guo, Taomei; Kroll, Judith F.; Peterson, Sarah; Garcia, Dalia L. – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2022
We evaluated external and internal sources of variation in second language (L2) and native language (L1) proficiency among college students. One hundred and twelve native-English L2 learners completed measures of L1 and L2 speaking proficiency, working memory, and cognitive control and provided self-ratings of language exposure and use. When…
Descriptors: Language Proficiency, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Native Language
Mulligan, Neil W.; Rawson, Katherine A.; Peterson, Daniel J.; Wissman, Kathryn T. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Although memory retrieval often enhances subsequent memory, Peterson and Mulligan (2013) reported conditions under which retrieval produces poorer subsequent recall--the negative testing effect. The item-specific--relational account proposes that the effect occurs when retrieval disrupts interitem organizational processing relative to the restudy…
Descriptors: Testing, Recall (Psychology), Memory, Cognitive Ability
Choinski, Mateusz; Szelag, Elzbieta; Wolak, Tomasz; Szymaszek, Aneta – International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 2023
Background: Aphasia is often accompanied by impairment of non-language cognitive functions. Assessment of cognitive capacity in people with aphasia (PWA) with standard neuropsychological methods may be problematic due to their language difficulties. Numerous experimental studies indicate that P300 may be considered as an index of cognitive…
Descriptors: Neuropsychology, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Diagnostic Tests, Cognitive Ability
Arneson, Jessie B.; Offerdahl, Erika G. – Research in Science Education, 2023
Current initiatives to transform undergraduate STEM education in the United States advocate for the use of multidimensional learning, wherein instruction provides opportunities for students to gain competency with fundamental or cross-disciplinary concepts and practices. To achieve this goal, the discipline-based education research (DBER)…
Descriptors: Educational Change, STEM Education, Science Tests, Science Achievement
Ignatova, Olga; Kalyuga, Slava; Sweller, John – Language Teaching Research, 2023
The imagination effect occurs when students learn better from imagining concepts and procedures rather than from studying them. Cognitive load theory explains the effect by better use of available working memory resources and increased productive, intrinsic cognitive load. The effect has been found in numerous empirical studies. However, in the…
Descriptors: Imagination, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Teaching Methods
Chen, Ouhao; Kalyuga, Slava – Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology, 2021
Cognitive load theory (CLT) uses working memory resources depletion to explain the superiority of spaced learning, predicting that working memory resources will be less taxed if there are resting/spacing periods inserted between learning tasks, in comparison to learning from the same tasks in a single session. This article uses the working memory…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Elementary School Students, Tests, Foreign Countries