Criticism has been directed at a growing body of literature broadly referred to as ethnoscience, ethnosemantics, folk science, ethnographic semantics, and cognitive anthropology. Criticisms concern methodological and analytic aspects of ethnoscientific procedure, and the directions of ethnosemantic research from a theoretical point of view. The…

Attempts have been made by linguists and anthropologists to reconstruct aspects of culture history by using synchronically derived lexical data. Related to this concern with culture history is one which attempts to explore the diachronic processes of lexical change over time. As a result of a comparative survey of Tzeltal and Tzotzil…

This handbook outlines procedures for evaluating a school guidance program. Defined first are the concept of guidance evaluation and basic terms in guidance evaluation. The purpose of guidance evaluation is discussed. Covered in a description of problems and difficulties in doing guidance evaluation are general problems; problems relating to…

Researchers surveyed 13 counties in the Greater San Francisco Bay Area (California) to identify and classify educational agencies' cooperative, interorganizational arrangements (IOAs) for school improvement and to describe the characteristics of different types of IOAs. Data were collected from interviews, directories, and documents. Five IOA…

The papers in this publication will help elementary and secondary educators integrate economic concepts and tools into consumer education courses. Responses to the papers are also included. There are eight chapters. Chapter one describes the project that is the subject of this publication and that resulted in the national seminar. The goal of the…

Three papers exploring facets of the teaching process are presented in this report. The papers are part of the Didactic Process Analysis (DPA) Helsinki research project. The DPA research team, composed of educators investigating instructional processes, has, since 1967, examined taxonomies and classifications of teaching processes. The first…

In response to a legislative inquiry, a study was conducted by the Washington State Board for Community College Education (SBCCE) to determine the adequacy of policies and laws governing the state funding classification of community college courses. During the study, the SBCCE examined the extent to which the colleges were financing courses with a…

Investigated was the utility of self-descriptions as tools for personality assessment. It was hoped that self-descriptions would fall into a reasonably tight typology and that these types would be related to important behavioral and attitudinal measures. College students (N=94) participated in structured interviews, and a short form of the Omnibus…

Recent legal decisions, coupled with Federal and State statutes, require the New York City Board of Education to follow definite guidelines in providing equal educational opportunities for its handicapped children. Among the problems raised are those of classification and labeling, criticized by some as a procedure that focuses more on pathology…

Freshmen placed into the second or third quarter of the first year calculus sequence at the University of Washington were studied. Two major findings were: freshmen eligible for advanced placement earned mean mathematics Grade Point Averages (GPAs) which were quite high; and advanced placement students earned mean mathematics GPAs substantially…

Presented are the results of an investigation of stimulus integration capabilities of three- and four-year-old children in judgments of small and large numbers. There is much evidence that suggested young children have a concept of number for small numbers, but not for large ones. A concept of number was hypothesized by Piaget to rest on the…

This package is the second of twelve in the Skills for Adult Guidance Educators (SAGE) system, which provides instruction in a set of necessary competencies specifically designed for adult education counselors, teachers, and paraprofessionals. The materials provide a process for developing and implementing counseling and guidance programs unique…

ADAPTATION OF THE FOURFOLD TYPOLOGY DEVELOPED BY CLARK AND TROW TO THE JUNIOR COLLEGE ENVIRONMENT PERMITS DISCUSSION OF THE ROLE OF SOCIOLOGICAL FACTORS IN EDUCATIONAL PERFORMANCE. STUDENTS OF THE FOUR TYPES DIFFER PRIMARILY IN THEIR VALUE COMMITMENTS TO (1) THE VALUES OF THE ADULT WORLD AND (2) THE PURSUIT OF INTELLECTUAL IDEAS. THE SUBCULTURE…

Ten prominent cognitive styles are discussed in a literature review. The review of each style includes an overview of the research literature; a review and evaluation of assessment instruments; and identification of styles which seem most relevant for application to Air Force Technical training. The cognitive styles covered are: (1)…

The development of a probabilistic model for validating Gange's learning hierarchies is described. Learning hierarchies are defined as paired networks of intellectual tasks arranged so that a substantial amount of positive transfer occurs from tasks in a lower position to connected ones in a higher position. This probabilistic validation technique…