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Showing 1 to 15 of 19 results Save | Export
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Brooker, Alice; Franklin, Anna – British Journal of Educational Psychology, 2016
Background: The presence of red appears to hamper adults' cognitive performance relative to other colours (see Elliot & Maier, 2014, "Ann. Rev. Psychol." 65, 95). Aims and sample: Here, we investigate whether colour affects cognitive performance in 8- and 9-year-olds. Method: Children completed a battery of tasks once in the presence…
Descriptors: Color, Cognitive Ability, Comparative Analysis, Task Analysis
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Zhao, Xin; Fu, Junjun; Ma, Xiaofeng; Maes, Joseph H. R. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2019
According to the executive framework of prospective memory (PM), age-related differences in PM performance are mediated by age-related differences in executive functioning (EF). The present study further explored this framework by examining which specific components of EF are associated with PM differences between and within three age groups. A…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Memory, Executive Function, Age Groups
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Hagmann, Carl Erick; Wyble, Bradley; Shea, Nicole; LeBlanc, Megan; Kates, Wendy R.; Russo, Natalie – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
Enhanced perception may allow for visual search superiority by individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but does it occur over time? We tested high-functioning children with ASD, typically developing (TD) children, and TD adults in two tasks at three presentation rates (50, 83.3, and 116.7 ms/item) using rapid serial visual presentation.…
Descriptors: Autism, Visual Perception, Color, Task Analysis
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Murphy, Eric R.; Norr, Megan; Strang, John F.; Kenworthy, Lauren; Gaillard, William D.; Vaidya, Chandan J. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2017
We examined spontaneous attention orienting to visual salience in stimuli without social significance using a modified Dot-Probe task during functional magnetic resonance imaging in high-functioning preadolescent children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and age- and IQ-matched control children. While the magnitude of attentional bias (faster…
Descriptors: Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Visual Perception
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Blain-Brière, Bénédicte; Bouchard, Caroline; Bigras, Nathalie; Cadoret, Geneviève – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2014
This study aimed to compare children's performance on two mnemonic functions that engage the lateral prefrontal cortex. Brain imaging studies in adults have shown that the mid-ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is specifically involved in active controlled retrieval, and the mid-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is specifically involved in monitoring…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Mnemonics, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Children
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Grégoire, Laurent; Perruchet, Pierre; Poulin-Charronnat, Bénédicte – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Most earlier studies investigating the evolution of the Stroop effect with the amount of reading practice have reported data consistent with an inverted U-shaped curve, whereby the Stroop effect appears early during reading acquisition, reaches a peak after 2 or 3 years of practice, and then continuously decreases until adulthood. The downward…
Descriptors: Color, Interference (Learning), Reading Skills, Ethics
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Ota, Toyosaku; Iida, Junzo; Sawada, Masayuki; Suehiro, Yuko; Yamamuro, Kazuhiko; Matsuura, Hiroki; Tanaka, Shohei; Kishimoto, Naoko; Negoro, Hideki; Kishimoto, Toshifumi – Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 2013
Recent developments in near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have enabled non-invasive clarification of brain functions in psychiatric disorders. Functional neuroimaging studies of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have suggested that the frontal cortex and subcortical structures may play a role in the pathophysiology of the disorder.…
Descriptors: Anxiety Disorders, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Spectroscopy, Control Groups
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Laski, Elida V.; Dulaney, Alana – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2015
The present study tested the "interference hypothesis"-that learning and using more advanced representations and strategies requires the inhibition of prior, less advanced ones. Specifically, it examined the relation between inhibitory control and number line estimation performance. Experiment 1 compared the accuracy of adults' (N = 53)…
Descriptors: Prior Learning, Learning Processes, Inhibition, Interference (Learning)
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Arsalidou, Marie; Pascual-Leone, Juan; Johnson, Janice – Cognitive Development, 2010
The theory of constructive operators was used as a framework to design two versions of a paradigm (color matching task, CMT) in which items are parametrically ordered in difficulty, and differ only contextually. Items in CMT-Balloon are facilitating, whereas items in CMT-Clown contain misleading cues. Participants of ages 7-14 years and adults (N…
Descriptors: Cues, Short Term Memory, Developmental Stages, Color
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La Heij, Wido; Boelens, Harrie; Kuipers, Jan-Rouke – Language and Cognitive Processes, 2010
Cascade models of word production assume that during lexical access all activated concepts activate their names. In line with this view, it has been shown that naming an object's colour is facilitated when colour name and object name are phonologically related (e.g., "blue" and "blouse"). Prevor and Diamond's (2005) recent observation that…
Descriptors: Competition, Language Acquisition, Cognitive Processes, Models
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Vuontela, Virve; Steenari, Maija-Riikka; Aronen, Eeva T.; Korvenoja, Antti; Aronen, Hannu J.; Carlson, Synnove – Brain and Cognition, 2009
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and n-back tasks we investigated whether, in 11-13-year-old children, spatial (location) and nonspatial (color) information is differentially processed during visual attention (0-back) and working memory (WM) (2-back) tasks and whether such cognitive task performance, compared to a resting state,…
Descriptors: Age, Attention, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes
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Cragg, Lucy; Nation, Kate – Developmental Psychology, 2009
Performance on the task-switching paradigm is greatly affected by the amount of conflict between tasks. Compared to adults, children appear to be particularly influenced by this conflict, and this suggests that the ability to resolve interference between tasks improves with age. The authors used the task-switching paradigm to investigate how this…
Descriptors: Models, Conflict, Children, Conflict Resolution
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Christiansen, Hanna; Oades, Robert D. – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2010
Objective: Negative priming (NP) is the slowed response to a stimulus that was previously ignored. Response times in NP task conditions were compared with the interference provided by congruent/incongruent stimuli in a Stroop condition in the same task in children diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), their unaffected…
Descriptors: Siblings, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Identification, Tests
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Muller, Hermann J.; Geyer, Thomas; Zehetleitner, Michael; Krummenacher, Joseph – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2009
Three experiments examined whether salient color singleton distractors automatically interfere with the detection singleton form targets in visual search (e.g., J. Theeuwes, 1992), or whether the degree of interference is top-down modulable. In Experiments 1 and 2, observers started with a pure block of trials, which contained either never a…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Children, Color, Simulation
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Mussolin, Christophe; De Volder, Anne; Grandin, Cecile; Schlogel, Xavier; Nassogne, Marie-Cecile; Noel, Marie-Pascale – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2010
Developmental dyscalculia (DD) is a deficit in number processing and arithmetic that affects 3-6% of schoolchildren. The goal of the present study was to analyze cerebral bases of DD related to symbolic number processing. Children with DD aged 9-11 years and matched children with no learning disability history were investigated using fMRI. The two…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Learning Disabilities, Short Term Memory, Brain
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