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Roundtable: What Is Temperament? Four Approaches.
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Goldsmith, H. Hill; And Others – Child Development, 1987
Four current approaches to understanding temperament are discussed. Theorists representing four postions--Goldsmith, Buss and Plomin, Rothbart, and Thomas and Chess--outline their views by reponding to six common questions. Commentaries highlighting differences and similarities between the positions are offered by Hinde and McCall. (Author/BN)
Descriptors: Children, Definitions, Discussion, Fundamental Concepts
Toward a Synthesis of Parental Socialization and Child Temperament in Early Development of Conscience.
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Kochanska, Grdazyna – Child Development, 1993
Argues that, although research on conscience development in children has emphasized the contribution of parental socialization, the influence of children's temperament has been largely neglected. Proposes a new framework for the study of conscience development through a synthesis of the two approaches. (MDM)
Descriptors: Children, Consciousness Raising, Early Childhood Education, Elementary Education
Socialization and Developmental Change.
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Maccoby, E. E. – Child Development, 1984
Considers the divergent paths taken by research in cognitive development and research in social-emotional development, arguing that studies of socialization need to become more developmental. Discusses meanings of development that may affect the socialization process. (Author/CI)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Children, Cognitive Development, Developmental Stages
The Construct of Resilience: A Critical Evaluation and Guidelines for Future Work.
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Luthar, Suniya S.; Cicchetti, Dante; Becker, Bronwyn – Child Development, 2000
Presents a critical appraisal of resilience, a construct connoting the maintenance of positive adaptation by individuals despite significant adversity. Addresses common criticisms, proposes solutions for those considered legitimate, and clarifies misunderstandings surrounding less valid criticisms. Concludes that work on resilience possesses…
Descriptors: At Risk Persons, Children, Competence, Definitions
Revealing the Relation between Temperament and Behavior Problem Symptoms by Eliminating Measurement Confounding: Expert Ratings and Factor Analyses.
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Lemery, Kathryn S.; Essex, Marilyn J.; Smider, Nancy A. – Child Development, 2002
This study examined whether item overlap, or measurement confounding, accounts for the correlation between temperament and behavior problem symptoms in children. Experts rated items on Children's Behavior Questionnaire and Preschool Behavior Questionnaire for their fit to both constructs, and then these items were factor analyzed with longitudinal…
Descriptors: Behavior Development, Behavior Problems, Children, Error of Measurement
The Effect of Relationship on Children's Distributive Justice Reasoning.
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McGillicuddy-De Lisi, Ann V.; And Others – Child Development, 1994
Investigated how children's decisions about allocating money to story characters were affected by the relationship (friends versus strangers) among the characters. Children's rationales for their decisions showed that equality was the most salient principle for decisions at all ages and that older children provided rationales based on benevolence…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Age Differences, Child Development, Children
Childhood Experience, Interpersonal Development, and Reproductive Strategy: An Evolutionary Theory of Socialization.
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Belsky, Jay; And Others – Child Development, 1991
The concept of reproductive strategy is applied to the study of childhood experience and interpersonal development to develop an evolutionary theory of socialization. The relationship between this theory and prevailing theories of socialization is considered, and research consistent with the evolutionary theory is reviewed. Discusses directions…
Descriptors: Adjustment (to Environment), Adolescents, Adults, Attachment Behavior