Financial education for children has drawn considerable attention and has recently been advocated in schools; however, its impact still needs to be examined with a more comprehensive evaluation framework. This study carries out a paired-design experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of the Aflatoun Child Social & Financial Education program,…

The reactivity-regulation model suggests that the origins and maintenance of shyness results from relatively high levels of reactivity in combination with relatively low levels of regulation. Although this model has received some empirical support, there are still issues regarding directionality of the relations among variables and a dearth of…

The aim of this study was to explore child and adolescent personality in the Russian culture, addressing gender and age differences, and to examine personality and family effects on children's Internalizing and Externalizing problems. Parents of 1,640 Russian children aged 3-18 years completed the Inventory of Child Individual Differences…

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of social capital assessed in early adulthood in linking self-control in childhood with psychological and social functioning in middle age. Data collected at ages 8, 27, and 42 years were based on the Jyvaskyla Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (159 females, 177 males).…

Much prior groundbreaking research has been done in recent years highlighting the qualities, quantities and means children have to enter transpersonal states of awareness. As important as this precedent research has been, in many ways it has yet to fully appreciate the gravity of childhood transpersonal experiences in terms of the impact on…

Four current approaches to understanding temperament are discussed. Theorists representing four postions--Goldsmith, Buss and Plomin, Rothbart, and Thomas and Chess--outline their views by reponding to six common questions. Commentaries highlighting differences and similarities between the positions are offered by Hinde and McCall. (Author/BN)

Various types of humor found among children of school age and among adolescents are placed in a structural-developmental framework. Also discussed are several ways in which teachers can use children's humor in their classrooms. (MP)

Individualism-collectivism theory predicted that Egyptian and Canadian children's performance would differ on relevant scales of the Robert Apperception Test for Children (RATC). Findings validated cross-cultural use of the RATC and demonstrated that the increasingly general theory of collectivism allowed meaningful predictions about personality…

Describes a nine-year longitudinal study of childhood temperament dimensions and mothers' child rearing attitudes. Discusses the measures studied and the models used for analysis. Suggests that the development of temperament is influenced by the mother's hostile parenting attitudes as well as childhood temperament and that there are sex-related…

Case studies of a few naturally bilingual children are reported in the context of a larger research project with bilingual children living in Rome. Studies focused on personality traits present from birth and concomitant with bilingual development. Data confirm full psychological normality on the part of bilingual children. (Author/AMH)

Presents a theory of child-development stages that reflects the relationship between children's play and the need to create a personal identity. Considers the relationship between socializing play and individuation, and defines four stages of identity development through play: amorphous, play, games, and generalization and maturity. (JPB)

Implications of parental self-esteem for the subsequent personality qualities and self-esteem of the developing child were explored in this investigation. The sample consisted of 65 mothers and 44 fathers who completed a self Q-sort and an ideal-self Q-sort when their children were 12 years of age. At the ages of 3, 4, 5, 7, 11, and 14 years, 54…

Children's religious ideas can provide relevant projective material in psychiatric evaluation, sometimes revealing information about parental introjects, superego and defense formation levels and anxiety areas. Frequently ignored, the material can be a useful adjunct when evaluative techniques give an incomplete picture. (Author/CM)

A study involving 152 children (ages 7-13) with learning disabilities assessed the relationships between age and psychosocial functioning, and the relationships among psychosocial functioning, cognitive abilities, and academic achievement. Results found no increase in psychopathology with advancing age and clear relationships between academic…

Examines whether relationships can be demonstrated between specific infantile comfort habits and later personality development. Results suggest that children with a persistent oral habit at age 4 may later (at age 11 and 16) be less emotionally "well-adjusted" and more difficult for their parents to influence and control. (MP)