This study sought an understanding of the current trends in the lack of females in leadership positions within collegiate athletic departments amongst California Community Colleges. The passage of Title IX created a new funding stream for women's athletics, resulting in male coaches and administrators entering into the female realm, therefore…

This article explores whether contemporary educators should consider single-sex educational settings as viable interventions in educating African American males. Using qualitative data from a 2-year study of single-sex educational spaces in two Los Angeles County high schools, the authors argue that when all-male spaces effectively function as…

Despite the apparent benefits of Title IX, the implementation of the law remains controversial, and there are divergent beliefs regarding its impact on collegiate sport. The purpose of this study was to examine how members of a university community, whose intercollegiate sport programs have changed, perceive and make sense of Title IX and the…

The Communities For Equity was a group of Michigan mothers who filed a Title IX discrimination suit against the Michigan High School Athletic Association due to its athletic scheduling practices. The 10-year court battle went all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court. This case study reviewed the policy decisions of the Wisconsin Interscholastic…

The implementation of non-discriminatory sex legislation provides theoretical and empirical grounds to examine responses by the state to gender equality. Tracing the trajectory of one such law in the U.S.--Title IX--over a period of 40 years, this study analyzes the extent to which the state: (1) acted as a unitary body, and (2) functioned to…

The Title IX legislation of 1972 was established to promote gender equity among public entities (primarily schools) that utilize federal funding to support and sustain their operation. However, the United States (U.S.) Government developed new regulations for Title IX due to No Child Left Behind (NCLB). This change allowed public school districts…

Title IX was enacted over 40 years ago, and although there have been marked increases in the number of girls and women participating in athletics at every level, gender equity in athletics continues to be a concern. This is especially evident at the community college level. Title IX requires equity in the areas of opportunities for participation,…

Analyzes interscholastic athletic programs in Connecticut's high schools using data from a survey of 67 athletic directors across the state and six in-depth studies of high schools. Findings show that many hurdles to gender equity in high school athletics have been reduced, but many serious infractions still occur. (SLD)

This report summarizes a 1983 study, following previous research by the United States Commission on Civil Rights. The study examined several aspects of civil rights programs within federal agencies in Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska: distribution of authority and resources, accomplishments in 1980, and plans for 1983. Information was obtained…

This article explores the politics surrounding the education of pregnant/mothering students. Utilizing Title IX, which guarantees the rights of pregnant/mothering students to an education equal to her peers, as an analytical lens, the author specifically identifies how absences in knowledge, research, and practice about the education of…

As part of a symposium evaluating the prospects for eliminating sex discrimination in schools through institutional advocacy, network building, and planned interventions, this paper summarizes the successes and setbacks of sex equity advocacy in California. It reviews theories of innovation diffusion in organizations, documents their application…

The materials included in this booklet are designed for use by participants in Application Sessions A and B for physical activity personnel working in elementary and secondary schools. These materials are initial drafts prepared for field testing only. They are not the final products to be delivered at the completion of the project. The materials…

Data are presented on women in higher education, along with information on federal legislation to eliminate sex discrimination, issues concerning redressing employment discrimination, specific problems with legislative procedures and enforcement of legislation, and case studies that highlight some of the processes involved. Evidence is cited that…

The role perceptions and activities of seven individuals responsible for coordination of the efforts of their respective districts to comply with the requirements of Title IX of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act are described in this research report. All seven districts involved in the study complied at least with the letter of the law.…

Although Title IX (sex discrimination) issues have received widespread notice at the universities over the past decade, this federal legislation is now expanding athletic opportunities for secondary-level girls. Growing parental activism is one reason. Noncompliance with federal law is commonplace. Montana, California, and Mississippi cases are…