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Graeber, Anna O.; And Others – 1977
This report presents the results of a survey conducted with first-, third-, fifth-, and seventh-grade teachers in Delaware, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. Four classroom process constructs (opportunity, motivators, structure, and instructional events) are used as organizers to present survey responses on classroom processes. In addition,…
Descriptors: Calculators, Classroom Environment, Classroom Research, Classroom Techniques
National Assessment of Educational Progress, Princeton, NJ. – 1991
In 1990, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) included a Trial State Assessment (TSA); for the first time in the NAEP's history, voluntary state-by-state assessments (37 states, the District of Columbia, Guam, and the Virgin Islands) were made. The sample was designed to represent the 8th grade public school population in a state…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Calculators, Educational Assessment, Family Environment
National Assessment of Educational Progress, Princeton, NJ. – 1993
In 1990, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) included a Trial State Assessment which, for the first time in the NAEP's history, made voluntary state-by-state assessments. This 1992 mathematics report marks the first attempt of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to shift to standards-based reporting of National…
Descriptors: Algebra, Calculators, Elementary Education, Estimation (Mathematics)