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Foti, Francesca; Menghini, Deny; Alfieri, Paolo; Costanzo, Floriana; Mandolesi, Laura; Petrosini, Laura; Vicari, Stefano – Developmental Science, 2018
New skills may be learned by active experience (experiential learning or learning by doing) or by observation of others' experience (learning by observation). In general, learning by observation reduces the time and the attempts needed to learn complex actions and behaviors. The present research aimed to compare learning by observation and…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Genetic Disorders, Psychomotor Skills, Visual Perception
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Chandler, Michael – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2016
The next several pages are intended as a "Commentary" on the six target articles bundled together as a Special Issue of the "Journal of Cognition and Development"--literature reviews and research reports all intended to "build bridges" between the study of cognitive development in typical and atypical populations.
Descriptors: Child Development, Attention, Cognitive Ability, Autism
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Menghini, D.; Addona, F.; Costanzo, F.; Vicari, S. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2010
Background: The present study was aimed at investigating working memory (WM) and executive functions capacities in individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) as compared with mental-age matched typically developing (TD) children. Method: In order to serve the study goal, a sizeable battery of tasks tapping WM as well as attention, memory, planning,…
Descriptors: Mental Retardation, Inhibition, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Development
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Kogan, C. S.; Boutet, I.; Cornish, K.; Graham, G. E.; Berry-Kravis, E.; Drouin, A.; Milgram, N. W. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2009
Background: Standardised neuropsychological and cognitive measures present some limitations in their applicability and generalisability to individuals with intellectual disability (ID). Alternative approaches to defining the cognitive signatures of various forms of ID are needed to advance our understanding of the profiles of strengths and…
Descriptors: Mental Retardation, Down Syndrome, Short Term Memory, Recognition (Psychology)
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Maurer, Daphne; Mondloch, Catherine J.; Lewis, Terri L. – Developmental Science, 2007
Early experience preserves and refines many capabilities that emerge prenatally. Here we describe another role that it plays--establishing the neural substrate for capabilities that emerge at a much later point in development. The evidence comes from sleeper effects: permanent deficits when early experience was absent in capabilities that normally…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Early Experience, Neurological Organization, Brain
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Gothelf, Doron; Furfaro, Joyce A.; Penniman, Lauren C.; Glover, Gary H.; Reiss, Allan L. – Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 2005
Studying the biological mechanisms underlying mental retardation and developmental disabilities (MR/DD) is a very complex task. This is due to the wide heterogeneity of etiologies and pathways that lead to MR/DD. Breakthroughs in genetics and molecular biology and the development of sophisticated brain imaging techniques during the last decades…
Descriptors: Intelligence Quotient, Genetic Disorders, Mental Retardation, Developmental Disabilities