Blended synchronous learning enables online learners to participate in class activities from geographically separated sites. Due to various challenges, however, online learners are often harder to be engaged and their engagement levels are lower than that of classroom counterparts. This review summarized and synthesized the challenges that led to…

Most educational institutions adopted the hybrid teaching mode through learning management systems. The logging data/clickstream could describe learners' online behavior. Many researchers have used them to predict students' performance, which has led to a diverse set of findings, but how to use insights from captured data to enhance learning…