It is well-documented that students' prior knowledge, cultural background, and language proficiency play a role in how they read, interpret, and respond to writing tasks (Barkaoui, 2007; Connor & Kramer, 1995; Hinkel, 2002). Essays written by students from different language backgrounds often differ in their linguistic, stylistic, and…

This is a preliminary version of a listing of meetings on the teaching of languages. It includes meetings known by the terms congress, conference, and symposium, with special emphasis on international meetings. The work is divided into five chapters: (1) the origin and development of conferences on the teaching of languages; (2) a chronological…

Issues in children's language learning, particularly as it relates to learning English as a Second Language (ESL), are discussed. The book is intended as a practical resource for regular or ESL teachers. The first chapter looks at the processes by which and conditions in which children become bilingual, both at home and in school. The second…

This encyclopedia is designed to promote bilingualism in a comprehensive and comprehensive manner and to be academically sound while remaining accessible to as wide an audience as possible. Each topic is presented in a clear, understandable style. Four sections focus on the following: (1) "Individual Bilingualism" (e.g., bilingualism and…