Many persons avoid dentists and dental work. The present study explored the effects of systematic desensitization and social-modeling treatments with placebo and assessment control groups. Modeling was more effective than desensitization as shown by the number of subjects who went to a dentist. (Author)

This research studied the effectiveness of pretraining procedures in teaching college students to self-disclose. Three modeling procedures were used to teach this verbal skill: video model, audio model, and no model. Results indicated the video model group was the most effective followed by the audio model group. No sex differences were found.…

Participants were divided into three groups: (a) control group, (b) Treatment 1 involving the application of learning theory plus group therapy, and (c) Treatment 2 involving the same as Treatment 1 plus mutual help principles. Both treatment groups lost significantly more weight over a seven-week period than did the control group. (Author)

Accelerated massed desensitization and anxiety management training were compared with standard systematic desensitization in terms of reducing self-reported test anxiety in high test-anxious college students. All three treatments significantly reduced test anxiety as compared with a waiting list control group. (Author)

Results of the study showed that role playing was no more effective than the control procedure. Subjects reported counselors' activities had little or no effect on their decision to initiate action. (Author)

Several nonverbal behaviors of helpers in a small group were tallied and related to independent judgments of the helper made by observers and the person being helped. The low but significant correlations suggest that nonverbal behaviors are but one set of cues that lead to clients' first impressions of their helpers. (Author)

Compared effects of six sessions of group counseling of nine chronic home hemodialysis patients with a comparable no treatment control group. Comparisons revealed no significant differences between groups. Subsequent testing a year later suggested that hemodialysis patients use the defensive mechanism of denial in adapting to their condition.…

The present study hypothesized that counseling with the Goal Attainment Scaling evaluation procedures would improve the conduct of counseling. The Shostrom Personal Orientation Inventory, Children's Locus of Control Scale, a Consumer Satisfaction Questionnaire, and behavioral measures were used to assess outcome. Results were in the hypothesized…

Two variations of desensitization therapy for reducing test anxiety were studied, active desensitization in which the client describes his visualizations of the scenes and vicarious desensitization in which the client merely observes the desensitization treatment of another test anxious client. The relaxation treatment which emphasized application…

The experimental group in this study received four weeks of study in rational-emotive education. The control group showed no significant declines in irrational thinking and anxiety, but the experimental group showed significant declines in irrational thinking and anxiety. The rational-emotive educational process, increased rational thinking and…

The purpose of this study was to test the relative efficacy of two different symbolic role modelings on the desired learning. Statistical significance was obtained in the level of acquisition responses by the two modeling treatments over the two control treatments and the modeling treatment with attentional variables over the modeling-only…

A multivariate analysis of postanxiety measures showed no differences between the treatment groups but in comparison to the no-treatment control group both treatments were associated with significant anxiety reduction on four measures related to speech disturbance, extraneous body movement, and self-reported anxiety. (Author)

The study investigated the effectiveness of group assertive training with nonassertive college students. Significant differences were found between experimental and control subjects on the College Self-Expression Scale, the Subjective Unit of Disturbance Scale, eye contact, length of scene, and assertive content but not on response latency.…

This simulation project is valuable as a means of training and evaluation in counselor education and in studying counselor cognitive processes. It also provides an opportunity to test the sufficiency of an explicit set of theoretical constructs for explaining client behavior. (Author)

Describes and evaluates a multifaceted behavioral treatment program designed to increase academic performance (grades). Assigned high school students to one of four groups. Mathematics, French, and general point average were assessed four times during the academic year. Results showed behavioral intervention was efficient on the three measures…