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Muharib, Reem; Walker, Virginia L.; Alresheed, Fahad; Gerow, Stephanie – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2021
In this review, we summarized and meta-analyzed 35 single-case intervention studies that involved the use of multiple schedules of reinforcement with 78 individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Based on Tau-U calculations, multiple schedules of reinforcement produced an overall large effect for appropriate communicative…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Intellectual Disability, Developmental Disabilities, Scheduling
Masud, Andy B.; Walker, Virginia L.; Carpenter, Megan E.; Anderson, Ashley – Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 2023
Functional communication training (FCT) is a well-established, evidence-based practice used to address challenging behavior among individuals across settings, ages, and disability categories. However, the research is limited on the implementation of FCT in inclusive school settings for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities. The…
Descriptors: Interpersonal Communication, Communication Skills, Inclusion, Students with Disabilities
Conradi, Lyndsey Aiono; Walker, Virginia L.; McDaid, Patricia; Johnson, Holly N.; Strickland-Cohen, M. Kathleen – Center on Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports, 2022
In response to two calls for continued research focused on PBIS and students with extensive support needs, researchers from the TIES Center and Center on PBIS conducted this literature review to summarize the current literature. This report summarizes the characteristics of the literature and implications for practice and future research…
Descriptors: Positive Behavior Supports, Severe Intellectual Disability, Program Effectiveness, Intervention
Muharib, Reem; Alrasheed, Fahad; Ninci, Jennifer; Walker, Virginia L.; Voggt, Ashley P. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2019
Functional communication training (FCT) is an evidence-based practice used to mitigate challenging behavior by increasing functional communication skills. To increase the practicality and feasibility of FCT in natural settings, thinning schedules of reinforcement are typically programmed following FCT. In this review, we meta-analyzed 28 studies…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Children, Intellectual Disability, Developmental Disabilities
Walker, Virginia L.; Carpenter, Megan E.; Lyon, Kristin J.; Button, Lindsey – Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 2021
Paraprofessionals report spending a substantial amount of time addressing challenging behavior in a range of school environments, yet identify behavioral intervention as a high-priority training area. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to systematically review and summarize single-case intervention studies involving paraprofessional-delivered…
Descriptors: Paraprofessional School Personnel, Behavior Problems, Students with Disabilities, Intervention
Walker, Virginia L.; Snell, Martha E. – Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 2017
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of workshops and coaching on paraprofessional implementation of function-based interventions. The results of indirect and direct functional behavior assessment guided the development of intervention strategies for three students with autism and intellectual disability. Following intervention,…
Descriptors: Functional Behavioral Assessment, Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Positive Behavior Supports

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