In follow-up studies using the Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI), data from over 36,000 business managers and their subordinates were used to reexamine psychometric properties of the instrument and to explore gender, functional field, ethnic, and cross-cultural differences. Factor analysis supports a five-factor scale, with gender differences…

Adequacy of a model of administrative leadership and differences in the model across groups of principals and assistant principals were studied for 150 principals and 150 assistant principals. The model, which hypothesizes three domains of school leadership, fit the data well. Principals and assistant principals have rather similar views of…

Describes a study that used focus groups, mail surveys, and in-home observations to examine differences in traditional television viewing and video cassette recorder (VCR) movie rental viewing. Viewing preparation, activities during viewing, and visual orientation to the screen are examined; hypotheses tested are discussed; and future research is…

One hundred forty-six young adolescents and 166 young adults completed questionnaires assessing the appraisal of efforts to cope with 3 common stressful events--conflicts with mother and friend and failure. Significant correlations were found between appraisal and coping, and results suggest that coping is multiply determined. (SLD)

A survey of 75 school administrators was made to determine what they judge to be the specific oral communication skills most vital to teacher success. The emphasis administrators place on oral communication means that it should figure prominently in teacher education. Of all communication factors, listening is considered most important. (SLD)

Explores a situation in which a well-qualified woman teacher chose not to apply for internal promotion to a management position. Deficit models, trait models, and patterns of gender hostility were less important than complex individual behavior and external constraints that show subtle gender dimensions behind a foreground of financial pressures…

Presents an outline of models of information seeking and other aspects of information behavior, showing the relationship between communication and information behavior in general with information seeking and information searching in information-retrieval systems. Also presents an alternative, problem-solving model which provides a basis for…

Identifies characteristics related to marijuana use among high and low academic achieving Mexican American students. Results are discussed in terms of psychological risk factors for both males and females. (Author/MKA)

The relationship of the Contraceptive Self-Efficacy Scale to contraceptive behavior was explored in four female samples: (1) 258 California adolescents, (2) 259 Chicago (Illinois) adolescents, (3) 231 Montreal (Canada) high school students, and (4) 148 college students. Results are discussed in terms of use in research and clinical settings. (SLD)

Studied the similarity of behaviors among group members and the effects of a risk-reduction intervention aimed at AIDS/HIV prevention with 76 groups of African-American urban adolescents (n=382 youth) studied over 18 months. Data support the usefulness of HIV prevention through groups of friends. (SLD)

Used data from 134 female and 135 male, Caucasian, Protestant college students to develop a path model of psychosocial development. For both genders, identity encompassed both personal competence and social connection, and intimate relationships served as a bridge between the private and social selves. (SLD)

Repeated surveys assessing demographic variables, family relationships, parental behavior, and parent/child characteristics were administered to 664 families and compared with child abuse and neglect data from state records and retrospective self-reports. Analysis found maternal youth and sociopathy predicted general child maltreatment, but…

Two levels of education (high school or less, or training beyond high school) and nine content scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 were used to predict employment-related outcomes of 109 blind adults. Education, anger, cynicism, obsessiveness, and family problems were significant predictors of employability. Self-esteem,…

Sexual behavioral risk factors were studied in 1,090 youth (mean age 14 years) in Moscow (Russia) using the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance survey. Only 26.3% of youth reported being taught about HIV/AIDS infection in school, and just 41.7% indicated discussion of HIV/AIDS with parents or other familial adults. Condoms were used in 41.7% of…

Presents results from a study of three federal government statistical Web sites. Objectives were to determine who uses these services, types of tasks brought to the sites, strategies used for finding statistical information, and to make recommendations for design improvements. (Author/AEF)