The degree of acquaintance among group members (friends or strangers) and the opportunity for group members to observe each other's actions (anonymous or non-anonymous) were manipulated in a 2 x 2 factorial design, to determine the amount of aversive stimulation that would be administered to a target person. When group members could not observe…

Thirty-six elementary school teachers in a predominantly lower and working class urban school system were selected in order to define creativity in terms of specific observable behaviors believed by teachers of the disadvantaged to indicate creativity in the classroom setting. (BD)

Separate experiments were done with six blind students (ages 16-20 years) to test the effectiveness of using punishment (prerecorded sound of chalk screeching on a blackboard) and positive reinforcement (money) in natural and laboratory settings to reduce "blindisms" (stereotypic behaviors). (Author/DLS)

Behavior change is the overriding, if not the only, goal in health education. Implications of this fact for the nature and method for educational diagnosis, curriculums, educational strategy, and evaluation are discussed. (Author/MJB)

Maintains that most discipline problems arise when students are asked to perform beyond their capabilities. Outlines several techniques for teaching social studies to slow learners. Techniques involve students in group reading, simulations, globe and map drills, neighborhood surveys, and art projects. (Author/DB)

The author presents a synthesized typology of leader behavior. The behavior typology is built on the dimensions of task orientation, relationship orientation, and leader effectiveness. There are eight resulting leader types: more effective-high relationship orientation-high task orientation to less effective-low relationship orientation-low task…

Results suggest that adults may not be able to discover-invent-produce the learning that is necessary to behave more effectively; that they may be unaware of this possibility; and that if they try to get help from well intentioned others, it will tend to make things worse. (Author/AM)

Recent literature on the control of white-collar crime has often glossed over the sociolegal effect of the attitudes held by persons charged with the responsibility of determining criminal guilt. On many occasions, the factually guilty white-collar offender is not regarded by trial jurors as an offender. (Author)

The school as a social institution reflects the attitude of society as a whole when it labels and stereotypes black children, assuming that their achievement level will be lower than that of their white peers. (JD)

This article examines the historical development of marathon encounter groups and provides speculation as to their future use. (YRJ)

This paper assumes that the level of personal responsibility of family members for the performance of family tasks and family identity influences the level of function or dysfunction in the family. The more behavior is dysfunctional, the greater the denial of responsibility of family members. (Author)

Discusses some of the ways students' behavior problems may be related to their peer group, home life, or physical problems, and offers guidelines for school administrators to follow in dealing with chronic disciplinary problem pupils. (JG)

Concludes that subjects with considerable prior exposure to common, nonviolent pornography preferred to watch uncommon pornography. Male nonstudents preferred it almost exclusively, as did male students to a lesser extent. Females also exhibited this consumption preference, though it was far less pronounced, especially in female students. (JD)