The development of some psychometric indices of performance rating quality based in judgement is traced. The conceptual and analytical confusion that characterizes contemporary research in this area is described. The operational definitions of several criteria of rating quality, including leniency and severity of the rating effect, halo effect,…

This paper describes an attempt to use a model of behavioral intention as a diagnostic tool to provide useful data for the preparation of health education programs for adolescents in the area of cigarette smoking. The theory of this model is that a person's behavior is a function of their behavioral intention which, in turn, is a function of their…

The role of television in creating sex role attitudes in preschool children was examined. Boys and girls from two suburban nursery schools watched brief shows depicting male, female, and male and female puppets playing. In subsequent play the children's behavior was observed to see which sex was emulated most frequently. Both boys and girls tended…

THE HUMOR PREFERENCES OF DICHOTOMIZED GROUPS OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS (SPECIFICALLY, CONFORMISTS AND NONCONFORMISTS) WERE STUDIED TO DETERMINE SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES AND TO ESTIMATE THE DEGREE OF RELIABILITY OF RESPONSES TO A HUMOR PREFERENCE INVENTORY. A TOTAL OF 111 MALE SOPHOMORE STUDENTS IN HIGH SCHOOL IDENTIFIED BY THEIR RESPECTIVE HOME ROOM…

Very little of the professional literature on suicide deals with suicide in jails, and virtually no references to juvenile suicide in adult jails exist. To determine if the rate of juvenile suicide in adult jails might be higher than that in secure juvenile detention centers, suicidal conduct was used as the indicator of the harmful effects of…

Although stressful life change events are thought to influence the development of alcoholism and to enhance the probability of relapse after treatment, the actual coping responses to specific events among alcoholics remain largely unexplored. Efforts were made to operationalize and classify coping responses and to explore their relationship to…

Kruglanski's endogenous-exogenous partition, when applied to reasons given by smokers for smoking cigarettes, distinguishes two types of actions: (1) endogenous reasons implying that the behavior of consuming the cigarette is the goal of the action and the actor is positive toward the behavior, and (2) exogenous reasons implying that the behavior…

This study presents an analysis of the process of becoming a marijuana dealer. It is only through an understanding of this process that the problem of marijuana can be completely understood. The process of becoming a dealer is seen as a process consisting of two parts: (1) the development of the external relationships which allow entrance into the…

An innovative program at the University of Washington Epilepsy Center which employes group social skills training procedures to ameliorate the psychosocial problems of chronic seizure-disorder patients is described. The rationale for the program is presented through a brief social learning analysis of the effects of long-standing periodic lack of…

A study of the effects and side effects of overcorrection procedures for self stimulatory behaviors of emotionally disturbed children by parents of four severely emotionally disturbed boys (ages 5 to 11 years) is presented. The literature is reviewed in areas such as the use of parents as treatment resources and the use of overcorrection and its…

Teacher and peer ratings of 37 mainstreamed educationally handicapped (EH) elementary aged children and 37 non-EH controls were analyzed according to the Rochester Teacher and Peer Rating Scales' independent behavioral competence factors and combined teacher-peer integrated behavioral competence domains. Results indicated significant differences…

Despite recent widespread claims about the importance of early contact for facilitating mother-infant bonding, the effects of early contact have not been convincingly demonstrated. Methodological and procedural difficulties, contributing to a "Hawthorne" effect, may account for the pattern of inconsistent and unclear findings to date.…

The psychological (expectancy) and physiological (dosage) effects of alcohol on aggressive and assertive behavior were investigated. The expectancy manipulation was accomplished by informing subjects that the beer they were to receive was either half as strong or twice as strong as commercially available beer. The dosage manipulation involved…

The effects of a comprehensive program for the treatment of cigarette addiction were investigated. Subjects were 18 university students and 12 community members. Abstinence levels of 40 percent, verified by expired air carbon monoxide tests, were achieved in a six to nine month follow-up period. A partial component analysis revealed that the…

VIDEOTAPE PLAYBACK EXPERIENCES IN FAMILY AND MARITAL THERAPY HAVE APPLICATION FOR RESEARCH IN LONG-TERM BEHAVIOR CHANGE. THE ENDURING INFLUENCE OF VIDEORECORDING--(1) FACILITATES A MEASUREMENT OF BEHAVIOR CHANGE, (2) CONTRIBUTES TO UNDERSTANDING THE NATURE OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR, (3) CAPTURES THE CONTEXT, CUEING, AND COMMUNICATIONAL BEHAVIORS IN AN…