An approach is outlined involving ratings on bi-polar "temperament" dimensions of behaviors which a child may display. These data are then subjected to a cluster analysis which displays correspondences graphically, in a form which can be discussed directly. An example of coping with crying babies is provided. (Author/CL)

Investigates 57 three- to five-year-old children's sharing of preferred and nonpreferred food with same-sex peers as a function of (1) whether or not the children had previous experience as recipients and (2) whether or not the child was shared with during the experience as a recipient. (HOD)

This article critically examines the evidence for interpersonal complementarity according to four recent theories. The only prediction found to be regularly supported is that friendly-dominant and friendly-submissive behaviors are complementary. A repeated finding is that hostile-dominant acts are frequently responded to with further…

With deinstitutionalization of the retarded, there is greater opportunity for them to be subjected to possible misuse of alcoholic products. Findings indicated that the mentally retarded population under study did not differ significantly from the general public as far as the number of problems associated with consumption of alcoholic beverages.…

The development of a scale to assess drug and other treatment effects on severely mentally retarded individuals is described. Separate factor analyses of the data from two samples resulted in a five-factor scale: (1) Irritability, Agitation, Crying; (2) Lethargy, Social Withdrawal; (3) Stereotypic Behavior; (4) Hyperactivity, Noncompliance; and…

Reflection-impulsivity was studied in preschoolers to clarify underlying behavioral dimensions, sex differences, and contribution of activity level, mental age, and socioeconomic status. Analyses replicate a previous finding that dimension of behavioral impulsivity characterizes children with long response latency and high error scores, not…

Observed 42 couples during emotional interactions: each spouse discussed an upsetting incident unrelated to the marriage. Results showed the proportion of approval or caring behavior expressed was directly related to marital adjustment. Overall, negative behavior appeared to inhibit the probability of subsequent expressions of complaints by…

Investigates the organization of searching by 21- and 27-month-old children who were required to remember where a toy had been hidden. Initial search behavior on "surprise" trials was less persistent than behavior on error trials. Subsequent search behavior on "surprise" trials was selective and intelligent for older children.…

Comparison of developmental growth for 104 matched pairs from mentally retarded residents of a public institution and of community living arrangements (CLA) revealed that CLA Ss showed significant developmental progress in reduction of maladaptive behavior while institutionalized Ss showed no change over 2 years. (Author/CL)

Two experiments are reported: one in which presentation of external information about a stranger evoked significantly higher attraction ratings than available psychological information; and a second where similarity of Subject and Other on external characteristics had greater effects upon attraction scores than did similarity of psychological…

A typology of styles of loving is applied to the search for partners among gay males, using a sample of advertisers in a gay newspaper. The impact of gay liberation ideology on gay male relationships is considered as a model of predicted changes in heterosexual mate selection patterns. (Author)

Raises the need to reexamine Piaget's model of development in terms of its capacity to incorporate instances of cognitive regression into the structural framework of the theory. (CS)

Those Ss who scored high, medium or low on a scale of trait (predispositional) anxiety were found to differ reliably in level of state (situational) anxiety when tested before and after two standardized interviews. This relationship held for both male and female Ss, although males manifested consistently higher levels of state anxiety than…

Monkeys with a severe visual acuity deficit were reared in social isolation to determine factors related to sterotyped movements, which have been observed in visually handicapped persons. (Author/MC)

A repeated-measures study examined personal and social predictors of patterns of college freshman drug use. Frequency, stage, and self-reported significant adverse consequences of use, were predicated by high social support of use, low expectations for goal attainment, high personal functions of use and high attitudinal tolerance of use.…