The norms of social responsibility and reciprocity govern altruistic behavior. Children and adults show a consistent developmental trend in comparisons of their responses to positive reciprocal situations and their subsequent altruism. Research indicates, however, that children, given the choice to behaviorally aid a needy individual, choose more…

Some children exhibit a pattern of debilitating behavior characterized as helplessness. Within an achievement context, such children can be observed to initiate few constructive activities, to work with little intensity on those activities already attempted, and to persist at a task only moderately--especially following failure. A stratified…

INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE NATURE AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL BEHAVIOR IN HUMAN INFANCY HAVE RAISED MANY RESEARCH ISSUES AND HAVE INDICATED MANY ADDITIONAL AREAS OF INQUIRY. EARLY AND CONTEMPORARY STUDIES HAVE BOTH BEEN CONCERNED WITH PROVIDING MORE PRECISE ANALYSES OF STIMULUS AND SITUATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL…

The use of an observational assessment instrument designed for autistic children is described. The Behavior Rating Instrument for Autistic and other Atypical Children (BRIAAC) measures behavior in eight developmental areas: relationship to an adult, communication, drive for mastery, vocalization and expressive speech, sound and speech reception,…

A study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the Ramirez and Castaneda rating scale used to distinguish ethnic behaviors in schools and to generate a more comprehensive scale for identifying those behaviors. Two hundred and sixty two elementary school children and 39 teachers from Spanish bilingual and English as a Second Language…

How games influence the psychological and social development of children is examined. It is pointed out that the current emphasis on competition and winning at all costs is harmful and that competition is not instinctive but a learned response to society's expectations. Other cultures such as the Eskimo and Chinese are presented as examples of…

The effect of a high-opportunity (HO) versus a low-opportunity (LO) play environment on the aggression of preschool children was investigated, hypothesizing that the LO play environment will elicit significantly more aggression than the HO play environment. The two environments were presented randomly to one group of 10 4-year-olds, five of each…

To ascertain whether subjects with similar behavior profiles also showed similar psychoeducational problems, 108 emotionally disturbed boys (aged 9 to 14 years) were studied. Teachers rated the behavior of children in their classes using the Quay Behavior Problem Checklist; subjects were also given achievement and intelligence tests. Seven…

The verbal behavior of teachers and students in elementary stenography classes is described. Observational data, consisting of the verbal behavior of teachers and students in 30 elementary stenography classes, were categorized and analyzed. From this initial analysis, a basic model of teacher-student behavior was defined. Deviations from the basic…

Three studies were conducted in an initial attempt to investigate the psychological importance of trivial everyday frustrations encountered by preschool children. Study 1 analyzed the frequency and quality of experiences that could be interpreted as interfering in some way with children's natural pursuit of their desires. In a nursery school…

This paper presents a description of the four stages of the consultation process, an examination of the interviewing behaviors used by the consultant to achieve his goals, and a discussion of the purpose of consultation. The four stages of consultation include problem identification, problem analysis, intervention, and evaluation. The interviewing…

Infant's crying may have an important mediating role in the formation of attachment behavior. The earliest vocalizations are discussed in terms of an acoustic communications model in which the baby's vocal repertoire becomes incorporated into a closed-loop, feedback system with his mother. Certain pre-lingual "signals" may be associated with those…

The authors apply a model of tribal behavior ("Cargo Cultism") to explain practices of modern college faculties regarding the rejection of collective bargaining as a means to attainment of personal "goods" and the disdaining and destruction of alternative types of residency requirements for degrees that might produce greater institutional "goods."…

The relationship among self-perception, personality, and behavior variables in 61 emotionally disturbed children (6-13 years old) was investigated using both univariate and multivariate data processing techniques. (Author/BD)

A Behavior rating scale, usable for parents and teachers, was devised to measure overt behavioral characteristics of children with learning disabilities. (SBH)