A program to improve bowel and bladder continence with four developmentally retarded preschoolers used a regular schedule and social and liquid reinforcement, verbal reprimand, and correction for accidents. Ss showed improvement in bowel and bladder continence. (Author/CL)

A self-instructional, cognitive behavior modification approach was developed for use with shy children, and was compared to treatment by "informed teachers" and a control group. Cognitive behavior modification significantly reduced fear of social and public speaking conditions, while informed teachers and the control group did not.…

Reviews the counseling literature and describes the historical evolution of the practice of supervision. Analyzes several therapy models, and describes direct and indirect supervision activities. Concludes by calling attention to assumptions in the counseling and supervision literature that have yet to receive the benefit of evaluation and…

Assessed clinical applicability of behavioral treatment previously reported by Lando. Feasibility of reorienting nonabstinent smokers to maintained reduction was also assessed. Of subjects, 12 who completed treatment were abstinent at follow-up and 2 others were smoking substantially less than at baseline. Results suggest previous findings are…

Behavioral techniques derived from social learning theory to training social skills are reviewed. Studies using handicapped and nonhandicapped populations are included. It is concluded that social skills training represents a potentially effective appraoch to successful mainstreaming of handicapped children. The issues of generalization and…

The paper suggests that some of the practical implications of the no difference in treatment conclusion is quite questionable and that parents of retarded children need assistance which will be different from that required of parents of nonretarded children. (Author/SBH)

The death implosion produced a decrease in insomnia beyond the strong expectancy effects that resulted from all experimental treatments. The failure to observe changes in reported fear of death was attributed to subjects' anxiety-based reluctance to acknowledge openly such fear. (Author)

Examined effectiveness of implosive therapy with heroin addicts during detoxification from methadone. Treatment groups received 12 sessions of implosive therapy or eclectic counseling and were followed for a six-week period. The implosive therapy group were the only ones to significantly reduce their methadone level during treatment and follow-up.…

Assessed treatment for bulimia nervosa among 77 female patients assigned to wait-list control, self-monitoring of caloric intake and purging behaviors, cognitive-behavioral treatment, and cognitive-behavioral treatment plus response prevention of vomiting. All treatment groups showed significant improvement; control group did not.…

Compared panic control treatment (PCT), behavior therapy for panic disorders, with alprazolam medication, placebo, and waiting-list control groups. Percentage of clients (N=57) completing study who were free of panic attacks following PCT was 87 percent, compared with 50 percent for alprazolam, 36 percent for placebo, and 33 percent for…

Results from 5-year outcome of family-based behavioral treatment of obesity for 6- to 12-year olds in 162 families across 4 treatment outcome studies suggest that treatments using conjoint targeting and reinforcement of child and parent behavior or reciprocal targeting and reinforcement of children and parents are associated with best child…

Presents a selective summarization and critique of research on the psychological treatment of headache, with the primary focus on research appearing since 1980. Examines research on relaxation training, biofeedback, cognitive, and cognitive-behavioral treatment approaches. Includes suggestions for future research directions and methodological…

Assigned 24 older adults with persistent psychophysiological insomnia to immediate or delayed cognitive-behavioral intervention in waiting-list control group design. Treatment was effective in reducing sleep latency, wake after sleep onset, and early morning awakening, and in increasing sleep efficiency. Sleep improvements obtained by…

Evaluated effectiveness of group cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) and group interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) for binge eating among 56 women with nonpurging bulimia. At posttreatment, both CBT and IPT conditions showed significant improvement in reducing binge eating, compared to waiting-list condition. Binge eating remained significantly…

The development of B. F. Skinner's theories of behavior and their application in industry are reviewed. Criticisms of Skinner are refuted. (SK)