Each instance of out-of-seat behavior of four hyperactive moderately/severely mentally retarded eight and nine year olds resulted in return to seat followed by 15-second physical restraint. Out-of-seat behavior of all four Ss increased during two implementations of the restraint contingency compared to levels during alternative baseline periods.…

Evaluated a program where cognitive-behavioral methods were utilized in a structured learning format with clinically depressed epileptics (N=13). Results indicated that cognitive behavioral interventions result in significant decreases in depression and increases in related areas of psychosocial functioning that are maintained over time. (LLL)

A severely retarded psychotic male who found restraint reinforcing was treated by a two-phase program including reinforcement with restraint for increasingly longer periods of noninjury and timeout from restraint and gradual fading of self-restraining (holding objects in his hands). Significant reductions in self-injurious behavior have continued…

Twenty profoundly retarded children (mean chronological age 14 years) were trained to play with ordinary toys, half by behavior modification and half by a control procedure. Operant training led to some increases in total toy contact but was not significantly more effective than the control technique in promoting independent constructive play.…

The life and work of B.F. Skinner is reviewed. His interest in education is explored as well as his work and influence in such areas as: the development of the Air-Crib, the Write and See, writing program, Project Pigeon, aging and behavior modification. (Author/CL)

Defines performance discrepancy as the difference between someone's actual performance and his desired performance and relates this to drinking and driving behavior. Promotes examination of environmental and psychological factors which affect performance discrepancy and the application of behavior modification techniques before the adult stage is…

Assigned aggressive boys (N=76) to one of four cells consisting of anger coping, goal setting, anger coping plus goal setting, and a no treatment cell. Results of follow-up testing showed that the boys who had been in the anger-coping groups had reduced their disruptive and aggressive behavior in the classroom and at home. (LLL)

Subjects (N=109) completed a behavioral weight-management program either with or without the addition of hypnosis. Both interventions resulted in significant weight reduction. At the eight-month and two-year follow-ups, the hypnosis clients showed significant additional weight loss and were more likely to have achieved and maintained their…

Implemented a thought-control strategy to increase pleasure and reduce displeasure in dreaming and dream-related behaviors in college students (N=63). Results indicated that dreaming and behaviors associated with dreaming were significantly more pleasurable 12 weeks after the dream interventions and maintenance of a daily dream record. (LLL)

Results indicated that parents socially validated the effects of behavior therapy in that they judged the children as significantly improved after treatment, and that the effects of treatment were also socially validated by the parents' indication that they were more willing to interact with the children after treatment than before treatment.…

The enuresis of a hearing-impaired, developmentally disabled adolescent was corrected through the use of an auditory alarm and specific training procedures. The young man progressed from wetting the bed every night to being consistently dry after five weeks of treatment. He has remaind dry for over two years. (Author/CL)

Analytic therapists as a group judged therapeutic outcome more positively than did behavior therapists, which was interpreted as a greater predisposition to see change where none existed. (Author)

Brief comment on article by Ray E. Hosford in same issue. (CJ)