Noncompliance with instructions is among the most common behavior problems exhibited by preschoolers. Although three-step guidance compliance procedures have been shown to be effective to increase compliance among some children, they may require that a child be exposed to a number of trials before compliance begins to increase. In this study, a…

Widely regarded as the standard clinical reference, this volume provides the best current knowledge about attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, adolescents, and adults. The field's leading authorities address all aspects of assessment, diagnosis, and treatment, including psychological therapies and pharmacotherapy. Core…

Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of the "Fruit, Vegetable, and Physical Activity Toolbox for Community Educators" ("Toolbox"), an intervention originally designed for Spanish- and English-speaking audiences, in changing knowledge, attitudes, and behavior among low-income African American women. Design: Quasi-experimental…

School-related difficulties are commonly associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This article describes effective school-based intervention strategies including behavioral interventions, modifications to academic instruction, and home-school communication programs. One overlooked aspect of treatment of children with ADHD…

Five case studies illustrate the use of generalized compliance training with students who have severe behavior problems. Based on extinction and generalization processes, the approach consists of five phases: (1) assessment to determine the nature and severity of noncompliance; (2)initial instruction demonstrating the consequences of compliance…

Thirty-four studies were analyzed according to students involved, setting, procedures, target behaviors, accommodations for hearing impairment, evaluation, and place of publication. Comparison of the students supported the conclusions that although frequent behavior modifications have not been specifically adapted for hearing-impaired students,…

A contingency contract program was implemented in this study to determine the effects of contingency contracting on decreasing student tardiness in high school classrooms. The participants were 32 high school students. Of the 32 participants, 16 were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the other 16 to the control group. The…

Studies employing applied behavior analysis procedures with learning disabled children are reviewed in terms of the dependent variables being measured and the independent variables being manipulated. The authors conclude that very few of the studies contribute to a systematically obtained body of knowledge regarding the various dimensions of…

Behavior modification programs undertaken in institutions for mentally retarded persons are often done inconsistently or incorrectly. Initial remedies should emphasize basic principles of applied behavioral analysis in graudate training and the development of programs addressing more than simple reinforcement contingencies. (CL)

Behavioral approaches to the treatment of obese mentally retarded individuals are reviewed. Studies are examined regarding the level of mental retardation, age group, techniques employed, and weight lost at the end of treatment. Conclusions relate implications for practitioners, as well as future research concerns. (Author)

The article reviews definitions, examples and techniques for implementing prompting and fading techniques with handicapped individuals. A review is also made of the research evidence describing the effectiveness of various methods of prompting: verbal, gesture, modeling, physical, combination, test-teach, and both within and extrastimulus…

An integration of Adlerian and social constructionist ideas, the reflecting "as if" technique asks clients to take a reflective step backward to consider perceptual and behavioral alternatives as a prelude to their acting as if they were the couple they desire to be. This article describes the reflecting as if technique and provides a…

Describes technique known as symptom induction and de-escalation for panic attacks in which goal is to reproduce the type of situation that may precipitate an attack and then to show the client how the attacks can be "turned on" as well as "turned off." (ABL)

Treated 32 outpatient depressives using cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Classified subjects as CBT responders (n=22) or nonresponders (n=10) on basis of independent clinical ratings of Hamilton depressive severity. At posttreatment, responders shifted balance of positivity and negativity to optimal range, whereas nonresponders remained in…

Using "principled pragmatism," this article summarizes some of the ways in which new knowledge concerning behavior therapy with couples can be used to reshape intervention strategy and tactics. Identifies principles that have stood the test of time, and suggests ways in which those that did not fare as well can be updated. (Author/MKA)