The current case study sought to evaluate if reinstatement, the recurrence of previously extinguished behavior following delivery of reinforcers (Reid, "British Journal of Psychology", 49, 202-209, 1958), would be observed in manding, an appropriate communication response, and to evaluate if reinstatement would be observed across…

Background: Psychological interventions need to be adapted for use with people with intellectual disabilities to ensure they are engaging, accessible and effective. Co-design allows the experiences of service users and stakeholders to actively shape and develop interventions, to ensure their accessibility. Method: An adapted model of Experience…

Resurgence is the recurrence of target behavior (e.g., challenging behavior) during a worsening of reinforcement conditions (e.g., increases in response effort, decreases in alternative reinforcement). Previous studies have examined the prevalence and magnitude of resurgence during functional communication training implemented with discriminative…

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) on reducing unsafe playground behavior of young children at school and subsequently, if necessary, the additive effects of a brief time-out. The DRO procedure was effective in eliminating unsafe behavior for one of four participants. The…

Educators rarely inform function-based behavior plans with results from functional analyses. Barriers to conduct functional analyses in school settings may include lack of resources, time, and training. Trial-based functional analyses (TBFAs) may circumvent some of these barriers because they can be embedded into ongoing classroom routines,…

Neoliberalism, after decades of reform, continues to steer educational policies around the world. As private enterprise encroaches public education, schools are held accountable, tangled up in an internationally competitive culture of achieving benchmarks that meet technically managed standards. Not only is it academic performance that is audited…

Demand fading involves the removal and gradual reintroduction of demands and has been shown to effectively reduce escape-maintained challenging behavior. However, it is currently unclear if there are common demand fading practices when demand fading is used as an initial intervention rather than as a method for schedule thinning after another…

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder commonly exhibit vocal stereotypy, and this behavior may be targeted for treatment when it competes with daily tasks, disrupts the environment, or leads to reduced independence. Previous research has shown that access to music reduces vocal stereotypy. However, treatment evaluations typically occur during…

Bullying begins in the preschool years and presents a public health concern for children of all ages with negative outcomes observed for victims, perpetrators, and bystanders. With an eye on intervention, research suggests that reading and discussing books may help to encourage perspective taking and compassion for others, even at an early age.…

Social anxiety is a prevalent issue among college students, often leading to poor academic and psychosocial adjustment. Expressive writing has shown promise as a brief, cost-effective intervention for improving mental and physical health. This study investigated the effects of a 15-min expressive writing session on the social performance of mildly…

Researchers have studied the efficacy of motivational interviewing over the past 30 years. While it is recognized as a highly effective approach overall, variability in outcomes studies is largely attributed to the extent to which it is implemented with fidelity. MI applications in school have become increasingly popular in the past 10 years, yet…

Both naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions (NDBIs) and augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) have been shown to support the language development of children with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and minimal speech. However, little research has addressed the impact of incorporating AAC systems within NDBIs. This…

Minimal research has been focused on the role of school monitors in the public-school setting. This study explored the perspectives of school monitors on preparation, training, communication, and feedback. The study looked to examine if these aspects contribute to the overall role of school monitors and to identify specific areas where they…

Researchers have shown that behavioral interventions that incorporate communication as a focus have demonstrated efficacy for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Researchers have demonstrated that individuals with IDD allocate responding to one communicative response modality over others when multiple communicative…

This study investigated differences in alcohol protective behavioral strategy (PBSA) use and negative consequences (ARNC) experienced among heavy alcohol users and non-heavy alcohol users, and risky and non-risky drinkers. Participants were from 12 universities in the United States (n = 2,163 college students, M[subscript age] = 19.47),…