Objective: To extend findings from experimental price elasticity studies by examining these effects in a field setting and identifying gender differences in purchasing behaviour in response to variations in the cost of lower energy-dense (ED) and higher ED foods. Setting: Data were collected from low- and median-income male and female grocery…

Biases influence the decisions people make in everyday life, even if they are unaware of it. The current study investigates the extent bias behavior transfers into social interactions in virtual worlds by investigating the effect of aversive racism on helping behaviors and learning within a virtual world for medical triage training. In a 2 × 2 × 2…

Many Extension professional associations have had trouble getting members to participate in national leadership opportunities. The study reported here examined the perception of members of a national Extension professional organization (NAE4-HA) regarding specific leadership actions. It found the single act of taking on a leadership position…

There is a need for a counseling theory that explains and predicts the behavior and activities of all persons. There is an unfulfilled promise of counseling for many persons in this society. Three major criticisms related to the traditional counseling role and process include criticisms of the intrapsychic counseling model, how counseling…

Reports examples of the behaviors, including kinetic and vocal, used to facilitate problem-solving based on observations of four seventh-grade students. Discusses the use of the behaviors in problem-solving teaching. (YP)

A conference on whether food and nutrients affect human behavior was held on November 9, 1982 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Various research studies on this topic are reviewed, including the effects of food on brain biochemistry (particularly sleep) and effects of tryptophane as a pain reducer. (JN)

Reviews research on relationship between cognitive schemas and vocational behavior following from Kelly's (1955) personal construct psychology. Focuses particular attention on traditional study of vocational differentiation and integration as well as more recent efforts to combine these two variables into a structural model of vocational…

Describes a specific empirical method for the systematic observation of examiner behavior during psychoeducational assessments, the Systematic Observation Scale for Assessments (SOS-A). Discusses development of the instrument and presents data on intra- and interobserver agreement. The instrument is regarded as an initially adequate method for…

Health educators need to utilize behavioral criteria to assess the effectiveness of school health education programs. (MM)

Introduces behavioral assessment. Describes assumptions and methods of behavioral assessment and then compares and contrasts them with those of traditional assessment. Reviews recent developments in behavioral assessments. Includes two case examples that illustrate many of the principles and methods of behavioral assessment that are discussed.…

Presented are some considerations relating to the problem of why human studies is still regarded as a new subject and why resistance to human studies as a new subject is so great. (PB)

New research suggests that personalities prone to extreme violence can be predicted by analysis of chemical elements found in human hair. Methodology employed and results obtained are highlighted and discussed. Relationships between diet and human behavior are also discussed. (JN)

Discusses the finding that there are not strong links between energy-related attitudes and behaviors such as conservation support and actions. Proposes that appropriate energy-related attitudes and beliefs may constitute a necessary but not sufficient condition for appropriate energy-related behaviors. (Author/MK)

Suggests that within bureaucratic systems norms of behavior develop that can be classified as system-beating. Examines elements necessary for such behavior to occur: individual with role within system; system comprised of many specific roles; observation of practical actions and practical circumstances; interpretation of these circumstances;…

Presents case of attempted suicide of 66-year-old female, along with comments based on the chapters of this special volume on suicide among the elderly. Specific topics of demographics, psychiatric-psychological, object relations, the attempts, and concluding comments provide an idiographic illustration of suicidal behavior in an older adult.…