Using error analysis and individual interviews, the problem-solving actions of first and second graders were analyzed. Shortcomings of children's knowledge and solution strategies were seen to be overcome by instruction. A control group, with usual arithmetic instruction, and an experimental group were established and the hypothesized…

Outlines various subtraction methods, such as the decomposition method, equal-addends method, and low-stress algorithm. Describes a subtraction method by addition of complements. Discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the method. (YP)

Chapters 5 through 10 of a 14-chapter, three-volume work on arithmetical applications are contained in this document. Each chapter details the "use classes" of one broad arithmetical concept. (A "use class" of a concept is a set of examples of real world uses of the concept which share a common structure). Each chapter…

Surveys the format and contents of fifteenth- and sixteenth-century arithmetic textbooks. Discusses the types of problems that were most popular in these early texts and briefly analyzes problem contents. Notes the residual educational influence of this era's arithmetical and instructional practices. (Contains 29 references.) (Author/MDH)

This module is the fourth in a series of 12 learning modules designed to teach occupational mathematics. Blocks of informative material and rules are followed by examples and practice problems. The solutions to the practice problems are found at the end of the module. Specific topics covered include calculator subtraction, order of operations, and…

Defines "skill-to-meaning" instruction. Describes research designed to determine the effectiveness of skill-to-meaning mathematics instruction for educable mentally handicapped children. Discusses educational implications of the study results and notes the benefits of meaning for handicapped children. (SB)